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Vaccinated people of Mayan ancestry had a greater immunoglobulin G immune response compared to individuals without that pre-Hispanic ancestry, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Autonomous University of Campeche (UAC), in Campeche, Mexico.
Similarly, women had a greater immunoglobulin G immune response than men (p <0,05). Y, durante un periodo de 11 meses y después de recibir dos dosis de vacunas, 7% de las personas vacunadas informó una infección positiva confirmada y luego de la tercera dosis se detectó una respuesta inmunitaria de inmunoglobulina G más alta en comparación con quienes recibieron dos dosis o tuvieron infección de manera natural.
The study, published as a letter to the editor in Public Health of Mexico, included 118 people (of Mayan and mestizo descent, as well as non-Mayan) who completed two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and studied the immune response to vaccination and reinfection after the emergence of the omicron variant.
The immune response to pathogens (including coronaviruses) is influenced by HLA haplotypes. The Mayan population, the predominant ethnic group in the Yucatan Peninsula, has a frequency of alleles HLA-G*01:01:02, HLA-G*01:01:01, HLA-G*01:04:01, HLA- A*68 which has not been found in other indigenous groups. Knowing how these genetic variations influence the response to vaccination among these population groups is relevant for public health.
An epidemiological survey was applied to evaluate reinfection, comorbidities, virus variants, disease severity, outcomes, clinical results, sex, age, ethnic group, and vaccination doses received.
Multiple logistic regression and correspondence analysis, as well as association tests, were used for data analysis.
In addition to the differences in the immunoglobulin G immune response, a reinfection rate of 23.7% was observed in people who received the third dose of vaccination, which represents almost three times the reported reinfection rate when compared to third doses. of previous vaccinations. This increase was associated with the circulation of the omicron variant in 71.5%.
A strong association between less severe symptoms was also found with the alpha and omicron variants.
Individuals with severe symptoms or requiring hospitalization were associated with multiple comorbidities and SARS-CoV-2 gamma variants.
In the study, those patients who were infected with the beta and delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 more frequently presented digestive and respiratory symptoms, while those who were infected with the omicron variant presented digestive and joint symptoms. The gamma variant showed more extensive and varied symptoms.
The findings of this study suggest that genetic heritage and sex influence the response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and that individuals of Mayan ancestry have a higher immunoglobulin G immune response to vaccination than mestizos.
2024-01-31 01:18:28
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