Sharjah: Aladdin Mahmoud
Spanish artist Francisco de Goya (1746, 1828), brings a different creative attitude and vision, and high-level artistic traditions.Born to parents of simple farmers, he worked with them in the fields, he and his brothers, like other farmers , but his artistic skills are manifested at an early age.
Apprentice to the Zaragoza painter José Lucín y Martins, at the age of fourteen, Goya talked about it in a short biography where he stayed with him for four years and his drawings remained influenced by the style of his master until he went to Rome, and in 1778 the painter of the royal court allowed Goya to come to the Royal Palace, where he began to study the paintings of the Spanish artist Velázquez, and with it the characteristics of a famous artist began to become clear, as he was later appointed painter for the King. The father of modern art “, as his works greatly influenced the last generation of artists during the twentieth century, notably Pablo Picasso, Paul Cézanne and Edouard Manet.
*championship
The painting “The third of May”, or “The third of May 1808 in Madrid”, also known as the “execution by firing squad”, is considered to be one of Goya’s most famous works and the most important international painting. of its kind and distinct from the way he sees things and draws them on canvas, with no artificial embellishment of the characters he draws, and the painting also belongs to Goya’s vision, philosophy and glorification of heroism, his high values and of its impact on ordinary people.The painting expressed a prosperous phase in the life of the artist, who suffered from mental disorders in his later years, when depression dominated the work of that period.
* A touching scene
Goya completed this painting in 1814, and through it he managed to create an impressive scenography about the events that happened in Moncloa Square, which is one of the famous Spanish squares that witnessed the cruelty of the French occupation, and was among the works of art that testify to the victory of the homeland over the enemies, as its theme revolves around These meanings, which allowed Joya to present a creativity that addresses and affects the conscience, and Joya excelled in drawing the painting after 6 years of French occupation of her country led by Napoleon, who imposed his control over Spain with a force of one hundred thousand soldiers, and massacred all who stood in front of his army and left The people rebelled against Napoleon’s forces and rejected the alliance of Spain with the French Army Behind this action Goya intended to commemorate the memory of the Spanish resistance fighters who fought against the army of Nap oleon.
*style
The painting aroused great interest from critics and art historians. Goya’s painting style was different. He moved away from the depiction of war in the classical image and succeeded in destroying traditional patterns. The work was considered one of the expressive examples in modern art and the historical artist Kenneth Clark spoke of it, saying: «It can be considered the first great painting of the revolution with its true concept of content, position and style». style, which has become an art school in Europe, and despite the great hype caused by the painting, some critics and historians have pointed out that it is shorter than Goya’s stature, as did the director of the Prado Museum, the painter Josh de Madruzo Madroth in 1850, who indicated that Goya’s style was not reflected in his painting and, despite this, the work found great fame among the Romantic and Impressionist schools, and many drew until, with brushstrokes, Goya perpetuated a revolt against the overbearing men of Napoleon.
* a description
In addition to this painting “The Third of May”, Goya painted a number of other works of art, including the painting “The second of May”, all depicting the heroism of his citizens in the face of the enemy. the painting is dominated by the dark color which the artist excelled in using to varying degrees depending on the emotional states.The artist, Clark Synagogue, said that the painting highlighted the contrast between the victims on the one hand and the execution team pointing guns at resistance coffers, where one of these revolutionaries emerges as he raises his hands In a way that indicates heroism, while the others approach in a scene closer to a hug, in what appears to the right of the painting a number of other victims and a crowd of people begging for mercy for those who were directed at them with guns, and on the ground there are corpses of dead heroes, and if darkness prevailed on the scene of the painting Goya used light of the lighthouse that illuminated the scene on the left side of the painting.
* Lamp
The painting is now in the Prado Museum in Berlin and has inspired many spectators, artists and poets, including the Spanish poet Manuel Machado, brother of the great Spanish poet Antonio Machado, who describes the worlds of the painting in a famous poem saying: For earth a lamp that faintly shines / Its yellow light wreaks havoc / Aligns the sights in a wild and monotonous way / Almost invisible / Cries, curses. Before the order is given to shoot / the victims brought to death, their souls are enraged / Their eyelashes open wide / Their eternal flesh greets the earth.
