Mastitis in dogs is an inflammation of the mammary glands in the breast which produce milk, usually due to a bacterial infection. It is mainly found in nursing dogs, although it is sometimes found in females who are not lactating or pregnant and even some male dogs.
There are two types of mastitis in dogs. Galactostasis, also known as affected breasts, is a type of mastitis that affects dogs in late pregnancy. Milk can build up and distend the teats, causing pain, although there is no infection and the dog shows no signs of illness.
Acute septic mastitis is the other type and occurs when bacteria enter the mammary gland and cause an infection or abscess. It can be fatal if left untreated.
If you see signs of mastitis in your dog, it is important that you consult your vet right away so you can develop a treatment plan. Here’s what you need to know about the symptoms, causes, and treatments for mastitis in dogs.
Symptoms of mastitis in dogs
Symptoms of mastitis in dogs are often visible around the teats, and dogs are likely to show signs of discomfort or pain.
If you notice any signs of mastitis in your dog, see a veterinarian immediately, as an infection can spread quickly and cause serious illness or become fatal.
Here are some symptoms you might see in dogs with mastitis:
- Firm, swollen, or painful breast glands
- Pus or discharge from the teats
- Teat discoloration
- Avoiding nursing or growling puppies and preying on them
- Puppies lack nutrition
- Lethargy
- Dehydration
- Weightloss
- Tears
- Fever
- Possibly septic shock, gangrene or abscess if left untreated
Causes of mastitis in dogs
Common bacterial causes of mastitis in dogs usually include E. coli, staphylococcus, or streptococci. These bacteria can enter the mammary glands through nipple injuries, often caused by cracks or scratches on the nails or teeth of puppies.
Dogs that have had mastitis in the past are more likely to develop it again in the future.
In cases where dogs are not pregnant or nursing, mastitis can be a secondary infection that migrates from another location in the body or a symptom of mammary gland cancer.
You should see your vet if you notice any symptoms of mastitis in your dog so that you can get a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment of mastitis in dogs
Treatment for mastitis in dogs often depends on the type and severity of the disease.
Treatment with galactostasis usually involves retaining water for six to ten hours and retaining food for 24 hours. You may need to limit feeding afterwards for a period of about three days. A veterinarian may also prescribe a diuretic.
Treatment for acute septic mastitis will likely include antibiotics. This may mean that the puppies will not be allowed to nurse from the affected teat and may need to be given additional feeding.
The vet may also recommend applying a warm compress to the affected area, and the gland may be treated to keep the ducts clear and reduce pain. A cabbage wrap can reduce swelling and promote faster healing.
In severe cases, a veterinarian may surgically drain or pierce the glands or remove them completely. Surgical removal is the usual procedure if the gland is abscessed or gangrenous.
If there is an underlying cause, such as breast cancer, the vet will discuss other courses of action for treatment.
Has your dog ever suffered from mastitis? How did your vet treat it? Let us know in the comments below!
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