[건강이 최고] If high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity are not managed, the risk of dialysis increases threefold.
Hankook Ilbo file photo
If the kidneys are damaged for more than 3 months due to various causes, it is diagnosed as ‘chronic kidney disease.’ Chronic kidney disease is classified into stages 1 to 5 depending on the glomerular filtration rate. If the patient progresses to stage 5, end-stage renal failure, in which kidney function is lost, kidney replacement therapy such as dialysis or kidney transplantation is performed.
Chronic kidney disease is a disease in which lesions occur in the kidneys for various reasons and the glomerular filtration rate (blood filtration function) is reduced. Chronic kidney disease has almost no early symptoms, making early detection difficult. When chronic kidney disease is recognized and a hospital is visited, kidney function is often reduced to less than 30%.
According to the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, the number of chronic kidney disease patients increased by 36% in five years from 203,978 in 2017 to 277,252 in 2021. The causes are the increase in patients with chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, and the decline in kidney function due to aging.
Chronic kidney disease has almost no early symptoms. However, over time, various symptoms appear in all organs. Chronic fatigue, sensory impairment, neurological symptoms, cardiovascular symptoms such as high blood pressure and arteriosclerosis, as well as pulmonary edema, vomiting, and loss of appetite may occur.
If you experience changes in your urine, such as increased frequency of urination during long-term sleep and proteinuria or hematuria, it is best to suspect chronic kidney disease and seek medical attention from a specialist.
To diagnose chronic kidney disease, blood and urine tests must be performed. In particular, diagnosis is made through estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine, urine protein, and kidney ultrasound. Depending on the glomerular filtration rate, chronic kidney disease is divided into stages 1 to 5.
In stages 1 and 2 of chronic kidney disease, the causative diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity are treated intensively, and from stage 3 onwards, drug treatment is administered to slow down the loss of kidney function as much as possible. Along with drug treatment, diet adjustments such as a low-salt and low-protein diet should be implemented.
Once kidney function deteriorates, health cannot be restored. Therefore, it is important to actively manage chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity to prevent them before they progress to chronic kidney disease. If these risk factors are not properly managed, the risk of needing dialysis increases by about three-fold.
Kim Ji-eun, a professor of nephrology at Korea University Guro Hospital, said, “Especially in the case of blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol, it is important to exercise regularly, control weight, and take medications if you have them. Chronic diseases must be prevented through appropriate diet, exercise, and medication.” “I do it,” he said.
Daeik Kwon Medical reporter dkwon@hankookilbo.com
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2023-10-28 03:21:50
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