Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell with an essential role in the immune system. There are three main types of lymphocytes: T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and NK (natural killer) cells. T lymphocytes are responsible for eliminating cells infected with viruses, B lymphocytes produce antibodies against pathogens, while NK cells help destroy tumor cells and those infected with viruses. Here are the symptoms associated with a low lymphocyte level and when to see a doctor!
Common symptoms associated with low lymphocyte levels
Frequent infections are one of the symptoms associated with low lymphocyte levels. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the immune system and help the body fight infections. People with low levels of lymphocytes are more vulnerable to infections and may experience recurrent or prolonged infections, such as upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, or skin infections.
Here are other common symptoms:
Fever
Fever is another common symptom of low lymphocytes as the body tries to fight infection. There may be cases of persistent or intermittent fever and it may be accompanied by other signs of infection such as chills, headache and muscle aches.
Fatigue
The body struggles to maintain optimal functioning in the face of infections and a weakened immune system, and thus fatigue can occur. This can be constant or occur during periods of infection. Extra rest and a healthy diet can help relieve this symptom.
Weight loss
This can be another symptom associated with low lymphocyte levels, especially if frequent or persistent infections lead to a lack of appetite or difficulty maintaining adequate nutrition. It is important for people with low lymphocytes to monitor their weight and try to maintain a sufficient caloric intake to avoid malnutrition and support the immune system.
Causes of low lymphocyte levels
Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjögren’s syndrome can be causes of low lymphocyte levels. These autoimmune diseases cause the immune system to attack healthy cells, including lymphocytes, which can lead to low levels of lymphocytes. Viral infections can lead to a low level of lymphocytes by directly affecting the production and functioning of these immune cells.
Medical treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy used to treat cancer, can have a negative impact on the immune system, causing the number of lymphocytes to decrease. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, drugs used to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, can contribute to low lymphocyte levels. Other causes of low lymphocyte levels are malnutrition, chronic stress, genetic diseases such as DiGeorge syndrome, and bone marrow disorders such as leukemia or lymphoma.
The low level of lymphocytes can have various causes and can generate symptoms that indicate a weakened immunity. It is important to pay attention to the symptoms and consult the specialist doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. Through therapeutic approaches, lifestyle adjustments, and preventative measures, we can manage and improve lymphocyte levels, thereby maintaining a healthy immune system.
Information sources:
Cleveland Clinic. “Lymphocytes: Function, Definition, Levels & Ranges.” Cleveland Clinic20 June 2022, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/23342-lymphocytes;
Iftikhar, Noreen. “What Is Lymphocytopenia?” HealthlineHealthline Media, 14 Feb. 2018, www.healthline.com/health/lymphocytopenia;
2023-07-13 09:35:15
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