CNN Indonesia
Saturday, 03 Feb 2024 10:13 IWST
1. List of countries that have landed on the moon, check their missions 2. India and Japan successfully reached the moon
Illustration. Countries are competing to get to the Moon with their respective missions. (Photo: doc. nasa.gov)
Jakarta, CNN Indonesia —
A number of countries are competing to send vehicles spaceeven humans, to head to and land on Moon. Which countries have successfully landed on Earth’s natural satellite?
Since the Cold War era between the United States and Russia in the 1960s, the Moon has been a destination for various countries to send spacecraft. The two countries compete to be able to conquer space exploration first.
Since then, a number of other countries have had similar goals and dream of landing on the Moon. However, landing on the Moon is not easy, because since the cold war era of the Soviet Union and the US, only three other countries have been able to land on the Moon.
The following is a list of countries that successfully landed on the Moon:
Russia
The Soviet Union (now Russia) was recorded as the first country to successfully land a space probe on the surface of the Moon.
The Luna 2 spacecraft officially launched on September 12 1959 and managed to reach the Moon two days later on the eastern lunar surface of Mare Serenitatis near Aristides, Archimedes and Autolycus Craters.
However, Luna 2’s landing did not go smoothly, and it actually collided with the surface of the Moon before the probe could send any images.
Luna 2 landed various Soviet symbols on the Moon’s surface, carried in two metal spheres.
In his only visit to the United States a few days after the Luna 2 mission, Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev presented a replica of the ball-shaped pennant to President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
The Soviets again attempted to launch other spacecraft into space after Luna 2, one of which was Luna 9. This spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome and landed perfectly on February 3, 1966.
United States of America
The era of the cold war between the Soviets and the US became increasingly heated after Luna 2 successfully reached the Moon in 1959. The US was committed to beating this achievement and sending the first human to the Moon.
About 10 years after the success of Luna 2, the US finally sent the Apollo 11 mission which launched from Cape Kennedy, USA, July 16 1969.
The Apollo 11 mission contained a crew of three consisting of Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin. They landed on the Moon on July 20, 1969.
The history of the Apollo 11 mission is timeless. Neil Armstrong was recorded as the first human to set foot on the lunar surface, followed by Buzz Aldrin.
Meanwhile Collin waited in Moon orbit. He supervised the landing from Columbia’s command module, his only means of bringing the three men back to Earth.
An estimated 650 million people watched Armstrong set foot on the Moon and heard his voice describe the event as “…a small step for a man, a giant leap for mankind”.
China
About 40 years after the Cold War era, no country had succeeded in landing on the surface of the Moon, until China finally launched the Chang’e 3 mission in 2013.
Chang’e 3 is a lunar landing mission belonging to the China National Space Agency (CNSA) designed to study Earth’s natural satellite. This spacecraft was launched on a Changzheng-3B (Long March 3B) rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on December 1, 2013.
Chang’e 3 then landed on the Moon on December 14 and released the Yutu probe onto the lunar surface. This lander is designed to operate for approximately one year on the lunar surface.
This lander is equipped with three panoramic cameras, a topographic camera, an extreme ultraviolet camera and an ultraviolet telescope.
The Yutu rover was designed and built by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST). It is a six-wheeled vehicle powered by solar cells. Mounted on top of the LLV, the vehicle was lowered to the lunar surface after landing.
Astronauts’ Clothes in Space Over Time (Photo: CNNIndonesia/Asfahan Yahsyi)
India and Japan successfully reach the Moon on the next page…
India and Japan Successfully Reached the Moon
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2024-02-03 03:13:19
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