There are a huge number of types of lithium batteries that differ in chemical composition and properties. Among them, there are mainly two types, LFP and ternary batteries NMC (but we can also find other types such as NCA, NMCA, LMO, LCO, LTO, …). The Chinese Automobile Manufacturers Association regularly publishes statistics on installed batteries, and although the world prefers NMC ternary batteries (NCA in Tesla’s case) and similar types to electric cars due to their higher energy density, they have been leading LFP in China for 4 months in a row.
In October, 15.4 GWh of batteries were installed in electric cars, which is 162.8% more than last October, but compared to September it is a 1.8% decrease. Ternary systems account for 7 GWh (+ 104.3% year-on-year), LFP 8.4 GWh (+ 249.5% year-on-year). Although LFP batteries slightly deteriorated compared to September, there is a trend of switching to LFP, which carmakers outside China tend to avoid. The exception is Tesla, which switches to these articles for Standard Range versions.
LFPs have the advantage of a much lower price, they are also slightly more environmentally friendly (they do not have nickel, cobalt, manganese) and they have a significantly longer service life (often over a million km). But they have a low energy density, so they are very heavy due to the amount of energy stored and they do not like winter. At NMC, there is a clear trend to increase the share of nickel and, conversely, to reduce the share of cobalt. Recently, manufacturers have been focusing on such high-nickel compounds, so we have a growing share of NMC622, NMC811 and even Ni90.
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