Jakarta –
Mother, of course you are no stranger to Congenital Heart Disease (PJB). This is a congenital abnormality or birth defect that is most commonly found in children, accounting for 1/3 of all congenital abnormalities.
In Indonesia, it is estimated that there are around 50,000 new cases of CHD with an incidence rate of around 8-10 per 1000 live births. That means, we must be aware of this number, Mother.
You need to know, the fetal heart is formed at 38 days of gestation after conception. However, in general, mothers only realize their pregnancy after 30 days or around the fifth week of pregnancy.
It means, fetal heart formation is almost finished and that is what makes PJB difficult to prevent.
Causes of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
There are several things that can cause PJB, among others:
- Malnourished pregnant women
- Pregnant women taking drugs that are teratogenic (have harmful effects on the fetus)
- Infection occurs especially in the first trimester of pregnancy.
2 Types of PJB that Mothers Need to Know
In general, PJB is divided into blue and not blue, Mother. There are some differences that you can learn to tell the difference.
Patients with non-blue CHD are the most common CHD, which includes atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus.
On the other hand, there is blue congenital heart disease which usually requires immediate treatment, either non-surgical or surgical intervention within the first year of a child’s life. Keep in mind, Mother, Blue PJB contributes to 30-50 percent of deaths caused by birth defects, you know.
This type of heart defect has a very low oxygen content in newborns. Fortunately, it can be identified by pulse oximetry screening as early as 24 hours after birth.
Type of PJB
PJB itself covers a broad spectrum, so structurally, PJB can be divided into the following types:
- CHD with clinical blue and without cyanosis
- Valve abnormalities
- Abnormalities in the walls of the heart
- Abnormalities in blood vessels.
CHD Prevention
For the prevention of CHD, several efforts can be made including pre-marital counseling that pays attention to risk factors such as exposure to toxic substances, infections, chemicals, family history of CHD, and so on.
Check out the treatment for congenital heart disease on the next page, Mother!
Mother, get to know the Mediterranean diet and its relationship with the heart in the video below:
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