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According to the Kiev Regional Military Administration, two energy facilities were damaged today. Without specifying whether this includes the hydroelectric power station in Vyshgorod.
Addressing media publications, Andrei Kovalenko, head of the Center for Combating Disinformation, noted There is no threat regarding the Kyiv hydroelectric power station dam.
“It is impossible to destroy it with missiles. inside. he wrote on Telegram.
What is known about the Kyiv hydroelectric station
The Kiev hydroelectric power station is the first (upper) step of the Dnieper cascade of hydroelectric power stations. Located on the Dnieper and a few kilometers from Kyiv.
The station was built in the peak period from 1960 to 1968. The main feature is the use of horizontal capsule irrigation units, which made it possible to design a combined spillway type building. The width of the building of the hydroelectric power station is 51 m, and the length is 285 m.
The spillway part is combined with the hydroelectric power station building, which is structurally divided into five blocks of 4 horizontal capsule units in each. As of September 2021, the installed capacity of the Kyiv HPP was 440 MW. This is especially important in the current generation shortage, when every megawatt literally counts.
During the construction, the latest design solutions were introduced. Among other things, cost reduction and time reduction were achieved through the use of precast reinforced concrete. New technologies for high-frequency installation of large concrete structures were introduced for the first time at the Kyiv HPP.
In total, 20 horizontal capsule units with rotary blade hydraulic turbines of type VL 15/3251-GK-600M and horizontal synchronous generators of type SGK-538/160-70M UHL4 have been installed at the hydroelectric power station.
Above the top of the flow path in the supergeneral rooms are located: the main terminals of the generators, oil pressure units with unit speed regulators, pumps, etc. The upper roof of these chambers, together with the very complex metal cover, forms the threshold of the spillway.
From the late 1990s and into the 2000s, all irrigation units were rebuilt. As stated on the Ukrhydroenergo website, the power system consists of 16 units connected to an automatic power system and frequency control, which will be carried out from the NEC Ukrenergo distribution center without intervention operational staff.
Why do people often talk about dam breaks and is there a risk?
Threats to the Kyiv hydroelectric power station are usually considered in the context of possible attacks on the dam. In July, the Ukrainian media, citing sources in the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, wrote that the military command believes that the threat is real. But he believes that the Russians will not be able to destroy it completely, although they may try to damage critical elements of the structure.
This is not surprising, especially after the Russians blew up the dam of the Kakhovskaya hydroelectric power station, which led to a massive and man-made disaster last summer. Although the enemy first attacked the dam of the Kyiv hydroelectric station itself on February 26, 2022. Since then, in the official communication of the Air Force and monitoring channel posts, there are messages about missiles flying to Vyshgorod on appear from time to time.
In July, Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova accused Ukraine of preparing a provocation, including the destruction of the Kyiv hydroelectric power station dam. The Ukrainian side called the accusations absurd. As the Ukrainian ministry said, “the Russian regime itself is doing an excellent job in dealing with its war crimes,” and if Moscow implements any of its intentions regarding the dam, it will only Russia will be responsible.
The real purpose of such statements by the Russian Federation is an attempt to intimidate Ukrainian society and mislead the international community and the media. Russia has demonstrated this strategy many times: blaming others for what it does or intends to do.
“The latest Russian fantasies on the subject of the Dnieper dams are a reason for the international community to keep a closer eye on Russia’s actions,” the Foreign Ministry said.
Taking into account the strategic importance of the hydroelectric power station, it is protected by the paramilitary security of the region in collaboration with special services. departments of other departments.
Is it possible to destroy a dam with a missile strike?
Even if the Russian Federation tries to attack the Kyiv hydroelectric station dam, it will not be possible to destroy it like the Kakhovskaya one.
As the press service of Ukrhydroenergo said in the fall of 2022, the station itself and the dam were designed and built during the Cold War with a strong margin of strength and stability. Therefore, it is not so easy to damage them with a missile strike.
“If the metal gates of the dam are damaged, a gradual leakage of water from the Kyiv reservoir may occur, resulting in short-term flooding in some areas within the river of the hydroelectric plant small and the flood areas will be known to the State Emergency Service and local authorities, so local residents will be notified in advance”, said the announcement.
In the summer, the General Director of Ukrhydroenergo Igor Sirota confirmed that the largest hydroelectric power stations in Ukraine are almost impossible to destroy from the outside. To do this, the enemy had to fly into the territory ofUkraine on planes and drop several air bombs.
“Kiev and Kaniv hydroelectric power stations are located in the center of Ukraine, far from the front line, so it is unlikely that enemy aircraft will be able to get closer to this position power station from the side in because they lived there,” he said.
Moreover, even the destruction of the dam at the Kyiv hydroelectric station, according to him, will not have a catastrophic effect. Because in the worst case, this threatens “underground flooding in some areas of Kyiv.”
“In the event of significant damage from missiles, the reservoir could be triggered – people in nearby villages will be left without water, but there will be no catastrophic consequences, as in the Kherson region several missile hits can in one place to make a hole In the dam, where water flows out at the Kakhovskaya hydroelectric power station, the entire station and 12 spill gates were largely destroyed. it is impossible to achieve with hits,” he explained.
What will happen to Kiev if the dam breaks: three scenarios
Meanwhile, the impact of a dam breach at the Kyiv Hydroelectric Power Station was predicted back in April 2022 by scientists from the Institute for Mathematical Machine Problems and Systems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Detailed calculations are publicly available on the NAS website.
In their opinion, the destruction of the dam is dangerous because of the sudden release of a lot of water, the rapid spread of waves on the Dnieper floodplain, and the flooding of Kyiv’s banks. Developed for fast response three scenes possible side effects:
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unlikely – if the size of the lake is 400 meters with complete destruction of hydroelectric power station structures
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more realistic – complete destruction of the dam with a 280-meter scour
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also true – destruction of part of a dam with a 100-meter scour
Photo: expected consequences of dam failure in the second and third scenarios (nas.gov.ua)
According to calculations, the largest flood areas are observed in areas with low relief. In the north – from the dam to the borders of Kyiv, in the micro-district of Obolon and Troeshchina, with an increase in the water level of 3 meters or more. In the south – from the South Bridge to the protective dams in the town of Kozin and the village of Protsiv.
In the capital, there could be flooding on small areas of borders on the lakes of Obolon; islands (Trukhanov, Dolobetsky, Venetsiansky), as well as rural villages and cottages on the left (Rusanovsky Gardens, Lower Gardens, Desnyanskoye). In addition, flooding threatens the area from the Dnieper to Stolichnoye Highway in the Goloseevsky district, in Oskokorki, to some extent in Poznyaki and in Bortnichi closer to Vitovets and Zaplavnoe lakes.
Scientists emphasize that even if the dam is completely destroyed, there will be time to evacuate the residents of Kyiv or raise them to a height above the first floor in high-rise buildings. Therefore, we are not talking about an apocalyptic “tsunami” situation for the entire metropolitan area.
When preparing the material, we used: a message from the head of the Center for Combating Disinformation under the National Security and Defense Council Andrey Kovalenko, information from the Ukrhydroenergo website, an interview with the company’s general director Igor Sirota for Forbes, calculations from the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
2024-08-26 12:35:01
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