/ world at present information/ The Day of Bulgarian Training and Tradition and of Slavic Writing is a Bulgarian official vacation celebrated on Could 24. On this present day, Bulgarian schooling, tradition and the creation of the Glagolitic script by Cyril and Methodius, also referred to as the Thessalonica brothers, are celebrated in Bulgaria. The translations of the Bible Cyril and Methodius wrote in Glagolitic.
The rise of Cyril and Methodius as equal apostles and nice Christian lecturers grew to become in Bulgaria as early because the arrival of their disciples in 886, and there’s details about celebrating their vacation on Could 11 as early because the twelfth century. Within the period of Ottoman rule, the Bulgarian state disappeared from the political map of Europe, but it surely remained the “State of the Spirit”, within the phrases of Academician Dmitry Likhachov.
Proof of the celebration of the vacation was present in an Armenian chronicle from 1813, the place it’s talked about that it was celebrated on Could 22, 1813 in Shumen (the date of Could 22 on this chronicle could be assumed to be of the so-called new model – Gregorian calendar, and in line with the church liturgical calendar working in Bulgarian society within the Ottoman Empire, it was the day of St. Cyril and Methodius). There are experiences that the organizers of this celebration in 1813 have been Gagauz individuals from Shumen
In trendy historiography, it’s believed that for the primary time within the period of the Revival on Could 11 (Could 24 – new model) 1851 within the diocesan faculty “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” within the metropolis of Plovdiv, on the initiative of Nayden Gerov, a celebration of Cyril and Methodius – the creators of the Glagolitic alphabet – is being organized. Could 11 was not chosen by likelihood by Nayden Gerov — it’s the widespread church vacation of the 2 saints. Within the Renaissance sources, the primary notices of the celebration of Cyril and Methodius on Could 11 are discovered within the “Christomatiya of the Slavic Language” from 1852 by Neofit Rilski. The day of the celebration of the 2 brothers grew to become the brightest expression of the nationwide identification, of the Bulgarian devotion to schooling, science and tradition.
In 1857, the vacation was honored within the Bulgarian church “St. Stephen” in Constantinople, along with a service for St. Ivan Rilski. The next 12 months, 1858, this present day was additionally celebrated in Plovdiv with a solemn service within the Church of the Holy Mom of God, after which the instructor Joakim Gruev gave an thrilling speech concerning the life and work of Cyril and Methodius. The vacation started to be celebrated usually in Shumen and Lom, from 1860 in Skopje, and from 1862 in Varna. Since 1863, Could 11 has been established as a church vacation of the holy co-apostles Cyril and Methodius. In Sofia, the vacation was organized by instructor Sava Filaretov.
Throughout the struggles for church independence from the start of the 18th century, the work of Cyril and Methodius was not an incentive to oppose the Greek Ecumenical Patriarchate. After 1878, the celebration of Cyril and Methodius developed in 2 instructions. In free Bulgaria, it’s restricted to a college vacation. In Macedonia and Odrinsko, that are below the jurisdiction of the Bulgarian Exarchate, it retains its features as an illustration in opposition to the Ottoman rule, in addition to in opposition to the assimilationist efforts of Serbian and Greek propaganda. The feast of Cyril and Methodius gained particular significance after the First World Struggle.
After the introduction of the Gregorian calendar in 1916, the vacation is widely known on Could 24 in line with the official state calendar, and in line with the church liturgical calendar, this present day is dated Could 11. In 1968, the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, already with the standing of the Patriarchate, launched the so-called liturgical calendar. New Julian calendar, by which the error of the outdated Julian calendar is eliminated. Thus, the day of Cyril and Methodius is honored by the church on Could 11 in line with the church calendar. However on account of already established civil custom, the secular, civil and state celebration stays on (Could 24). Could 24 was declared an official vacation of the Folks’s Republic of Bulgaria by a choice of the Ninth Nationwide Meeting on March 30, 1990, and since November 15, 1990 it has been an official vacation of the Republic of Bulgaria (when the Folks’s Republic of Bulgaria was renamed the Republic of Bulgaria).
Individually, the reminiscence of St. Cyril is widely known on February 14, and of St. Methodius on April 6 (the times of their deaths). The All-Russian Synod, on the event of the celebration of the one thousandth anniversary of the Moravian mission of Cyril and Methodius, takes the next determination: “In reminiscence of the millennium, since our father’s language was first sanctified by way of the Gospel and the religion of Christ, to be established yearly, ranging from this 12 months 1863. 11 could as a church vacation of the venerable Cyril and Methodius!” After that, the vacation is widely known in all Orthodox Slavic-speaking international locations.
The feast of Cyril and Methodius is widely known throughout the Renaissance and amongst immigrants in Romania and Russia, amongst Bulgarian college students overseas, amongst Bulgarians exiled in Diyarbekir.
In 1856, Joakim Gruev proposed that the day of Cyril and Methodius be celebrated as a vacation for Bulgarian college students.
Over the centuries, Cyril and Methodius grew to become a logo of Russian tradition and social aspirations. They grew to become the banner of the Slavic revival and nationwide emancipation within the Czech Republic and different Slavic international locations. Underneath the affect of the Bulgarian cult, they have been accepted as saints by the Orthodox Church and out of doors the Slavic world, together with in trendy Greece. On the finish of the twentieth century, Pope John Paul II declared the 2 brothers “Patrons of Europe”. Dozens of countries, principally within the Russian cultural and political area within the twentieth century, adopted Cyrillic because the script of their nationwide languages. Now Could 11/24 is widely known in lots of international locations, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and so on.
Could 24 because the feast of the brothers Cyril and Methodius can also be celebrated at present in Russia (secular and ecclesiastical), the Czech Republic, the Republic of Macedonia (secular and ecclesiastical) and different Slavic international locations. In Russia, it was celebrated for the primary time in 1986 (within the then Soviet Union) on the initiative of the Murmansk author Vitaly Maslov – in Murmansk is the northernmost level, the place there’s a monument to the brothers Cyril and Methodius.
As a church vacation, the Day of Cyril and Methodius has been celebrated in Russia since 1863, and as an annual vacation of Slavic writing and tradition it has been adopted since 1991. As the primary celebration within the USSR, the next ones have a “capital of the vacation” – a metropolis, through which the celebrations for its celebration are concentrated, in numerous years these are the cities of Murmansk, Kiev, Minsk and others, and since 2010 Moscow has been chosen because the everlasting capital of the vacation.
Could 24, as a vacation of the Slavic writing and of the holy brothers Cyril and Methodius, can also be an official vacation within the Republic of Macedonia, the place it’s celebrated equally to its celebration in Bulgaria – with many flowers, songs and celebrations of schoolchildren and college students. Within the heart of Skopje there are newly constructed monumental monuments to St. Cyril and Methodius, in addition to to their college students – St. Kliment Ohridski and St. Naum. There are additionally such monumental monuments in Ohrid, the place the relics of the disciples of Cyril and Methodius – St. Kliment of Ohrid – the founding father of the Ohrid faculty of literature, and St. Naum – are preserved to this present day.
Within the Czech Republic, the day of Cyril and Methodius is an official vacation on July 5, when not removed from Brno, on the location of the capital of Nice Moravia, of which solely a monastery stays, 1000’s of individuals collect to have fun the day of the brothers. There’s a monument to Cyril and Methodius on the Charles Bridge in Prague, and within the Cathedral of St. Vitus within the metropolis of Prague, the work of the holy equal-apostles is recreated in a stained glass window.
Yearly on Could 24, a Bulgarian state-church delegation worships in entrance of the tomb of St. Cyril within the church of “St. Clemente” (San Clemente) in Rome, the place Bulgarian clergy carry out the liturgy, and is acquired by the Pope. In 2010, this liturgy was carried out for the primary time collectively by Bulgarian and Russian clergy.
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