MILANO – Istat closes the quarterly survey of the labor market with the fourth quarter of the past year and therefore spreads the budget in the average of 2023: the growth, already recorded in the previous two years, in the number of employed continues with an increase of 481 thousand units (+2.1% in one year). The average number of people employed per year is 23 million 580 thousand.
The employment rate of 15-64 year olds rises to 61.5% (+1.3 percentage points) while the unemployment rate falls to 7.7% (-0.4 points). The unemployed fall below two million, to 1 million 947 thousand (-81 thousand units).
Data which then showed some creaks in the most recent surveys, with the monthly unemployment report for January which, for example, signaled a first reversal of trend with the decline in employment.
Remaining in the 2023 budget, the annual growth in employment “mainly affects permanent employees (+491 thousand, +3.3%) and, with less intensity, self-employed workers (+62 thousand, +1.3) – we read in the Istat report – However, fixed-term employees are decreasing (-73 thousand, -2.4%). The increase, already observed in the previous two years, in full-time work continues (+446 thousand, +2.4%) and part-time work is also growing at faster rates than the previous year (+35 thousand, + 0.8%)”.
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You ask friends and relatives for work
The Institute also offers an insight into how to look for work: “The use of informal channels in looking for employment remains the most widespread practice: the share of those who turn to relatives, friends and acquaintances increases and reaches 76.6% (+1.2 points); there was also a marked increase in the incidence of those who looked for work by contacting the public employment center (25.8%, +3.5 points), while the shares of those who carry out other formal search actions are more stable, such as sending applications/resumes (unchanged at 64.9%), consulting job offers (47.6%, +0.6 points), responding to adverts or publishing adverts (30.0%, +0.4 points) or having contacted a temporary employment agency (unchanged at 20.0%)”.
Among the positive data, the number of inactive people (those who are not even looking for work, usually a sign of “mistrust”) decreased for the third year again with -468 thousand, -3.6% in one year, reaching 12 million 377 thousand. In detail, both those who are not looking for and are not available to work are decreasing (-175 thousand, -1.7%) and, above all, the potential workforce (-293 thousand, -11.8%), i.e. the component of the inactive closest to the job market. The number of discouraged people decreases (-44 thousand, -4.3%), those waiting for the results of past search actions (-129 thousand, -20.9%) and those not looking for work for family reasons (-139 thousand, -4.8%). The inactivity rate for 15-64 year olds drops to 33.3% (-1.1 points compared to 2022).
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Women and the South better, but the gaps remain
If you look at the detailed data for the characteristics of the population, there are improvements for the “weaker” categories but they remain large-scale. In the gender chapter, for example, there is a recovery of women: among them the employment rate increases slightly more than among men (+1.4 points compared to +1.2 points) and is associated with the most marked decrease in the unemployment rate (-0.6 and -0.3 points , respectively); on the other hand, the reduction in the inactivity rate for 15-64 year olds is almost identical (-1.2 points for women and -1.1 points for men). The gap against women stands at around 18 points for employment and inactivity rates (15-64 years) and at 2 points for the unemployment rate.
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At a territorial level, Istat explains further, the Noon shows the most significant increase in the employment rate (+1.6 points compared to +1.3 points in the North and +1.1 points in the Centre) and the most marked reduction in the inactivity rate for 15-64 year olds (-1 .6 points in the southern regions compared to -1.0 points in the North and -0.6 points in the Centre); the unemployment rate, however, decreases to a greater extent in the Center (-0.7 points compared to -0.5 points in the North and -0.3 points in the South). However, the territorial gaps remain very high: the employment rate in the North (69.4%) is 21 points higher than that of the South (48.2%) and the unemployment rate in the southern regions (14.0%) is approximately three times that of the North (4.6%).
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– 2024-03-14 23:54:55
