Genome Center reveals important lessons Risk factors for symptomatic omicron infection of university students in Japan: 10,144 people
Medical Genome Center, Ramathibodi Hospital, posted on its Facebook page. Center for Medical Genomics stated that important lessons have been learned from the COVID-19 infection A 2023 study of symptomatic omicron ancestry among 10,144 university students in Japan found two main themes: Factors that increase the risk of infection; and factors that reduce the chance of infection that we can adapt
Of interest were students who had been vaccinated against measles/rubella, students taking science courses, and students who had been vaccinated against COVID-19. There will be less chance of having symptomatic omicron infection.
Interesting research from data analysis Responses to student questionnaires on Kagoshima University’s website 10,144 students in Japan as part of the annual health examination in April 2023, focusing on students who are beginning to show symptoms of COVID-19 infection. During the outbreak of the Omicron strain Research results are published in the academic journal Advances in Infectious Diseases > Vol.14 No.1, March 2024.
Factors that increase the risk that make students more likely to be infected.
- smoking
- Karaoke activities
- Male
- Joining a club
- Travel and camping activities
Factors that reduce the chance of symptomatic infection
- Students studying science courses or courses
- Measles/German measles vaccination
- Vaccination against COVID-19
Such information highlighted that social gatherings, smoking, and karaoke increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while pointing out that raising awareness about COVID-19 19 From studying science, vaccination against measles/rubella, and vaccination against COVID-19 It is an important measure to help prevent symptomatic omicron infections.
Why do these factors increase the risk of omicron infection?
- smoking
Smoking has been identified as a factor that increases the risk of contracting COVID-19. That shows symptoms among university students because smoking can impair lung function and reduce the lungs’ ability to fight infection. This makes smokers more susceptible to respiratory infections such as COVID-19.
Additionally, smoking involves hand-to-mouth contact. This increases the risk of virus transmission from hand-contact environmental surfaces to the smoker’s mouth. The study results highlight the importance of public health campaigns to reduce and quit smoking among college students to reduce the spread of COVID-19.
- Karaoke activities, joining activity clubs, traveling to camps
Karaoke activities and joining groups/clubs contribute to the spread of COVID-19. among university students through the mechanism Three C Those identified by the World Health Organization include crowded places, close-contact settings, and confined and enclosed spaces.
These activities often involve the participants closely. They are often in areas within buildings that are not well ventilated. This increases the chance of the spread of respiratory droplets. Singing is a common activity in karaoke. It has been proven to create many aerosols that can carry viruses. Moreover, the sharing of microphones and other equipment leads to a higher risk of transmission.
Group and club activities often involve social interaction in the neighborhood. This helps promote the spread of the virus. These environments make it difficult to take basic self-protection measures such as washing hands, eating hot food, using serving spoons, and wearing a mask. Social distancing is reduced. This increases the risk of spreading COVID-19. among the group participants significantly
Several factors put male university students at higher risk of symptomatic COVID-19 and other respiratory infections, such as:
1. Biological Susceptibility: Some research suggests that males may have a higher biological susceptibility to certain microbial infections due to differences in immune response, hormone levels and genetic factors. influences the symptoms and severity of the disease
2. Health Behaviors: Men may engage in riskier health behaviors than women, including higher rates of smoking and alcohol consumption, which can affect breathing and weakened immune system function. It opens the possibility of serious infection.
3. Prevalence of co-diagnosed diseases or co-morbidities (comorbidities) Males tend to have a higher prevalence of certain comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, which has been found to be a risk factor for COVID-19. that happened violently
4. Occupational and social factors: Men may be more likely to be exposed to SARS-COV-2 due to occupational roles or social activities that lead to higher rates of contact from infected individuals.
The reasons behind males being more at risk for symptomatic Covid infection may vary across different demographics and studies.
- Chronic cough (more than 2 weeks)
It is one of several factors that have been assessed as being associated with the risk of contracting COVID-19. Symptoms such as a persistent cough It is important for diagnosis and understanding the spread of disease. However, it was not excluded as an independent risk factor in the research results.
- First-year students are at higher risk of infection than other first-year students because
1. New social circles and environment: First-year students tend to be more involved in social activities. Because they try to make new friendships. and adjust to university life This increases contact with infected persons.
2. Living conditions: Many first-year students may live in dormitories or shared accommodations, which are densely populated and may facilitate the spread of the 2019 coronavirus due to poor air circulation.
3. Adjustment period: Entering university often involves adjusting to a new level of independence. This can lead to stress that can lower immunity. New students may not be familiar with campus health resources or may prioritize academic and social activities over health precautions.
4. Participation in orientation and large group activities: In general. First-year students are required to participate in orientation activities and other large gatherings. That can increase exposure to germs.
Why do these factors protect against symptomatic omicron infection?
- science curriculum
Enrolling in a science course or course is considered a protective factor against COVID-19 infection. There are significant symptoms in university students. It suggests that students in the sciences may make behavioral adjustments or lifestyle and environmental changes that reduce their risk of infection due to increased awareness and adherence to health and safety guidelines.
This is because of their educational background. or participation in social activities that are less risky compared to students in other majors Highlights the importance of academic disciplines in influencing health- and risk-related behaviors among university students.
Measles/Rubella vaccination helps prevent COVID-19 infection. The measles/rubella (MR) vaccine has been shown to help prevent COVID-19 infection. who have symptoms for many reasons
1. Cross-virus protection: Vaccination against measles and rubella, which are RNA viruses, may stimulate non-specific immunity against other virus groups, such as COVID-19, which is also an RNA virus. Induction of a broad, nonspecific immune response. This phenomenon is known as differential immunity. (Heterologous immunity) increases the body’s ability to fight a variety of different types of infections in addition to germs that we have been infected with before and have recovered from or from vaccination that stimulates immunity against certain viruses.
2. Boost the immune system: MR vaccines can stimulate the immune system in a general way, which may strengthen its ability to respond differently to new infections. This enhancement of non-specific immunity may provide additional protection to the specific immunity provided by COVID-19 vaccination.
3. B cell cross-reactivity: There is evidence to suggest that antibody-producing B lymphocytes stimulated by MR vaccination may cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 antigens, leading to increased virulence. Indirect immune response to coronavirus
The mechanism by which the MR vaccine can stimulate the body’s immune system to fight COVID-19 It is complicated, further clinical studies are required.
MR vaccination, especially when ≥ 2 doses are given, has shown the ability to protect against COVID-19 infection. stronger It is pointed out that such vaccination may help reduce the risk of developing COVID-19 symptoms. among students significantly But it is not used as a main vaccine instead of direct vaccination against COVID-19.
- Vaccination against COVID-19
Indicating that vaccination protects against COVID-19 Including stimulation needle It is significantly associated with prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 infection among university students. And higher vaccination rates are associated with lower risk behaviors and social activities that may lead to exposure.
Exploring the relationship between vaccination against COVID-19 social activities and risky behavior of university students It points out that vaccination not only provides health benefits in protecting against COVID-19 infection. with symptoms only But it is also associated with less participation in high-risk social activities because:
1. Vaccinated people may view their health as their first priority. and therefore behave more cautiously overall This includes reducing participation in social activities known to increase the risk of spreading the virus.
2. Vaccination campaigns are often paired with emphasizing the importance of following other safety measures, such as washing hands, eating hot food, using serving spoons, and wearing face masks. Continue social distancing. This may affect vaccinated people to adjust their behavior to be safer from COVID-19 infection.
3. Individuals who receive vaccinations tend to behave more cautiously.
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2024-02-17 05:27:04
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