Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is causing concern among health experts as cases of the infectious respiratory disease continue to spike this year. Although HMPV has been around for years, it is not as well-known as other respiratory illnesses. In this article, we’ll explore what HMPV is, how it spreads, symptoms to look out for, and what you can do to protect yourself from this contagious virus.
The human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a newly discovered virus that causes respiratory infections, ranging from the common cold to pneumonia, and is a major cause of respiratory illnesses in both children and adults. HMPV was discovered in 2001 by Dutch scientists on a mission to identify unknown causes of acute respiratory infections. Prior research had failed to identify a virus or bacteria in every person with an acute respiratory illness, but the development of modern molecular tests has allowed doctors to find more known viruses.
HMPV is related to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which is the leading cause of serious respiratory infection in children and a major problem in adults. Both viruses are in the same large group as measles, mumps, and parainfluenza viruses. However, while genetic analysis shows that the closest recent ancestor of HMPV is a bird virus called avian metapneumovirus, HMPV is distinct from RSV in many ways, including the order of genes in its genome and its own ways to block immunity.
HMPV often presents with congestion, cough, and fever, but can be much more severe than simple colds. Respiratory infections are the leading cause of death in children under 5 globally and a major reason for hospitalization of children in developed countries. They are also a major cause of disease and death among people at high risk for severe disease, such as premature infants, older adults, and those with underlying conditions like asthma or cancer.
Despite being a common cause of serious respiratory disease, HMPV remains underdiagnosed by clinicians and little recognized by the general population. There are no specific antiviral drugs to treat HMPV, but preventive vaccines and antibodies are in development. For now, the best prevention measures are to wear a mask if you’re sick and avoid others who are sick, and to use hand sanitizer and wash hands frequently.
In conclusion, human metapneumovirus is a respiratory disease that is highly contagious and can lead to serious complications, especially in vulnerable populations. Although there is no specific treatment for the virus, there are preventive measures that can be taken such as washing hands frequently and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. As the number of cases continues to spike this year, it is important to stay informed and vigilant to protect ourselves and those around us. With awareness and proper precautions, we can help prevent the spread of this infectious respiratory illness.
