When the star reaches its end, we may know it as a supernova, which is a very large stellar explosion. There are also various bintang who died without leaving a spectacular scene. Rarer still are stars ripped apart and swallowed up by black holes (black hole).
Incident black hole star-eating generally occurs once in 100,000 years. Very rare, right? However, last Thursday (12/1), the Hubble Space Telescope captured the sight of a black hole who is eating stars like donuts!
Detected very far on Earth
Presented at the meeting American Astronomical Society 241st, United States (US) space researchers from the Center for Astrophysics (CfA) | Harvard & Smithsonian witnessed a star that got too close black hole before swallowing. This incident caused a powerful explosion of light, called AT2022dsb.
Unfortunately, the researchers were unable to photograph the incident. The distance to the star who became the victim mukbang black hole it is 300 million light years away, in the core of the galaxy ESO 583-G004. Hubble’s sensitivity was used to study the light from the star, including hydrogen, carbon and other compounds.
“Spectroscopy provides forensic evidence of events blackhole ‘slaughtered’ the star,” wrote the official statement.
The researchers explained that black hole generally waiting for a passing star. If it’s too close (like the poor star), the force of gravity black hole the powerful (not even light can escape) tore the stars apart and slowly devoured them, a phenomenon called tidal disruption event.
Also Read: 10 Black Hole Science Facts, Black Holes that are Feared in the Universe
detected last year, black hole like eating donuts
Backtracking to the previous year, AT2022dsb was first detected on March 1, 2022 by All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN or Assassin), a ground telescope that scans the sky once a week. AT2022dsb is close enough to Earth and bright enough that it can be studied with UV spectroscopy long enough via Hubble.
One of the CfA researchers, Peter Maksym, said that actually, incidents like this are very difficult to catch. Maksym emphasizes that this program is different because it is designed to monitor various tidal disruption event for one year.
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“We caught this incident early enough that we could monitor it during the accretion stage black hole very intense. We see this accretion rate decreasing over time,” said Maksym.
illustration of a tidal disruption event captured in March 2022 with the Hubble Space Telescope (Doc. NASA, ESA, Leah Hustak [STScI])Consistent with the illustration, Hubble spectroscopy data shows an area that looks like a disk of bright, hot gas that is shaped like a donut. The so-called area torus it is the size of the solar system and goes around black hole. Don’t be fooled, this was originally a star!
In his program, Maksym says that his team monitors the stellar wind from black hole sweeping the surface of the cloud at a speed of 20 million miles per hour (3 percent of the speed of light. In fact, Maksym and his team are still trying to research the incident.
“This is an interesting point for researchers: right in between the known and the unknown,” said Maksym.
It only happens a few times in 100,000 years
It’s a very rare occurrence black hole that tears and devours a star occurs several times in 100,000 years! Even so, as many as 100 tidal disruption event around black hole detected from Earth.
In early March 2021, NASA recorded an incident black hole (10 million times the mass of the Sun) that devoured a star 250 million light years from Earth, an event called “AT2021ehb”. This view was captured by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescopic Array (NuSTAR) space telescope.
Another CfA researcher, Emily Engelthaler, said that unlike Hubble, the AT2021ehb data was collected via X-rays from the superhot corona (which was originally a star) around black hole.
Emily regretted that it was so little tidal disruption event observed with UV light so that a lot of information is left behind. Basically, the changes of stars that are “devoured” black hole can last from days to months. Agree with Maksym, this is what sets the CaF program apart from the others.
“We are proud to be able to get the details of the star ruins. Tidal disruption event can tell humans a lot about black hole,” said Emily.
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