First by laying eggs (Ovipar)
Several types of sharks reproduce by laying eggs, namely carpet sharks, bamboo sharks, swell sharks, catsharks, and horn sharks. A female shark spends a long time laying eggs and making sure they are in a safe place. It can take between 6-9 months before they are ready to hatch.
Sharks produce eggs that are encased in a hard-shelled eggshell. Depending on the species, features such as curved tendrils, horns and sticky slime filaments attach the egg shells to coral reefs or seaweed. This is where the embryo develops. (Read also; The Leopard Shark Has Been Stranded In Pangandaran 4 Times During July-August, What’s Up? )
The protective capsule acts as a life support machine, containing everything you need. The embryo absorbs nutrients from the yolk sac before hatching. Empty egg boxes are often found washed up on beaches. It shows the species the shark came from, its size, and shape.
Second by laying eggs and giving birth (Ovovivipar)
From the sharksider page, it is stated that the types of sharks that reproduce by Ovoviviparous methods include great white sharks, crocodile sharks, greenland sharks, saw sharks, sand tiger sharks, tiger sharks, and angelsharks that resemble stingrays.
When reproducing female sharks lay eggs. However, the eggs are not placed in one place, but remain in the body. So the egg is kept safe from predators and the shark embryo develops inside the egg shell which has a thin membrane.
The Horned Shark (a type of Port Jackson) lays large spiral -shaped eggs and is placed between rocks on the seabed. Photo/ Ist/ sharktrust.
Once developed, the baby shark will hatch inside the mother, which will then give birth to the young. In some species, chicks are not born immediately after hatching. Instead they live in the womb and feed from unfertilized eggs. This is known as oophagy.
Even Sandtiger shark cubs eat not only unfertilized eggs, but also their unhatched siblings! This is called intrauterine cannibalism. (Read also; Have a big appetite, it turns out that whales play an important role as a source of nutrition in the sea )
Third by giving birth or giving birth (Vivipar)
Several types of sharks that give birth or are viviparous, namely the Bull shark, Blue shark, and Hammerhead shark. Vivipar is the most advanced method of reproduction. Baby sharks develop inside their mother’s body, receiving nutrients and oxygen through the umbilical cord.
This is the same method used by mammals. But, unlike mammals, when their cubs are born, they are immediately independent and have to fend for themselves.
(Web)
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