(ANSA) – ROME, MARCH 17 – On 17 March 1834, Gottlieb Daimler was born in Schorndorf, Germany, the man who, together with Karl Benz, in addition to being immortalized in the name of the famous German car manufacturer, was the ‘father ‘ of the car. With its combustion engine, Daimler laid the foundations for the development of the automotive industry throughout the world. The design and construction of the first two-stroke combustion engine took place between 1877 and 1879 by Karl Benz who created it for his industrial activity (he produced stationary engines). In 1883 Daimler perfected Benz’s designs by patenting what, two years later, would become the ‘closed vertical Daimler engine’ suitable for vehicles. Mounted on a saddle vehicle – a kind of large tricycle, ancestor of today’s motorcycle – the Daimler engine was further improved between 1885 and 1886 by increasing its power and introducing battery ignition. This is how, on January 28, 1886, Benz was able to patent his three-wheeled motor vehicle, the first fully functional automobile in the world. The first public run took place on 3 July of that year thanks to a vertical cylinder engine designed by Daimler. Between 1886 and 1888, Daimler tested his new engine in boats, airplanes, fire engines, and rail vehicles, kicking off the automobile race that occurred across Europe in the early twentieth century.
Daimler’s life is the classic one of the great industrial pioneers of the twentieth century: the son of a baker from the Swabian village of Schondorf, Daimler perfected his passion for machine building by studying at the Stuttgart Polytechnic and with long stays in France and Great Britain. Brittany. The turning point in his career was his appointment as technical director of the Deutz gas engine factory of which he had become the co-owner together with the inventor of the Otto cycle engines, Nikolaus August Otto. Daimler, however, left Deutz when the factory management said they were skeptical about his plan to create a small high-performance engine instead of the heavy, low-revving ones suitable only for stationary use.
Daimler thus settled in Cannstatt, now a district of Stuttgart, where in 1882, together with Wilhelm Maybach, he set to work to realize his projects. The following year Daimler obtained the patent for compression in a boiling cylinder with glow tube ignition which would serve as the basis for his combustion engine. In those years Daimler and Maybach also developed the curved cam control of the exhaust valve, the basis for a higher engine speed. The first Daimler motor car saw the light of day in November 1885 in the park of its inventor’s home.
It was a saddle car, a kind of wooden motorcycle with side support wheels. This project was not followed up.
A year later, however, the first four-wheeled Daimler car was produced, a ‘horseless and shaftless carriage’.
Almost at the same time, in Mannheim, the car with a gas engine developed based on a design by Benz was born.
In 1888, mobility takes a further step forward thanks to the numerous innovations that both bring to the high-speed combustion engine. Daimler and Benz face two issues: one related to new applications of the engine, the other concerns the fact that the reliability of the engine as a powertrain for the new type of car needs to be demonstrated to the general public.
Gottlieb Daimler is especially interested in possible new applications for the combustion engine developed with Wilhelm Maybach. After the world’s first motorcycle, the ‘Reitwagen’ of 1885, and the motor carriage of 1886, numerous innovative prototypes were created in 1888.
Daimler and Benz thus became, together, the fathers of the modern automobile. (HANDLE).
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2024-03-17 13:26:00
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