HARIANHALUAN.COM – The incidence of chronic kidney failure is increasing and often when diagnosed with chronic kidney failure it is already in an advanced state and requires renal replacement therapy/dialysis.
This reality makes it difficult for individuals who experience it to accept kidney replacement therapy treatment options for various reasons or as a result of myths that have developed in society.
Quoted from the official website of the Ministry of Health, kidney failure is divided into 2, namely acute kidney failure and chronic kidney failure. The definition of chronic kidney failure is damage to the kidneys both in structure and/or function that lasts for 3 months or more. If the condition of changes in kidney function occurs suddenly or acutely and has not reached 3 months, it is called acute kidney disorder.
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The most common causes of chronic kidney failure in Indonesia are diabetes mellitus/diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension/high blood pressure. However, the view of the general public is that it is the long-term consumption of high blood pressure or diabetes medications that can actually cause chronic kidney failure.
The fact is that the more uncontrolled blood sugar or blood pressure, the faster the progression of the two diseases and complications occur, one of which is kidney failure.
Apart from the two diseases above, other causes of kidney failure are: recurrent kidney infections, autoimmune diseases, polycystic kidney disease, prostate enlargement, long-term and unsupervised use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), obstruction to the flow of urine for example due to stones in the urinary tract , enlargement of the prostate gland or due to malignancy such as uterine cancer. Other conditions such as obesity, heart disease and chronic liver disease can also cause chronic kidney failure.
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Symptoms of chronic kidney failure vary, ranging from asymptomatic which are usually found on the results of laboratory tests. Apart from that, you can also find complaints of nausea, vomiting, headaches, feeling tired easily, decreased appetite, itching of the skin, changes in the amount and frequency of urination, swelling or swelling of the legs, enlarged stomach, tightness breath, convulsions until loss of consciousness.
Furthermore, the doctor will dig deeper information about the symptoms felt and the history of the disease, as well as carry out a physical examination which may find pale conditions, high blood pressure. Supporting examinations that can be done to diagnose chronic kidney failure as early as possible are hemoglobin (Hb) levels. ), levels of urea, creatinine, ultrasound examination of the geniourinarius tract, and calculation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and examination of urine / urine to see if there is protein in the urine.
Early detection of chronic kidney disease can help patients get treatment as soon as possible and prevent or slow down complications that occur. The existence of comorbid diseases or diseases that underlie kidney damage must also be considered carefully, because controlling comorbid diseases such as hypertension and diabetes can prevent complications of chronic kidney failure.
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Management of chronic kidney disease must be comprehensive, starting from lifestyle modifications, treating the underlying disease, and renal replacement therapy. Renal replacement therapy options include: hemodialysis/dialysis either using a dialysis machine or dialysis using the patient’s peritoneal membrane (CAPD/Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis) and kidney graft/transplant.
The CAPD method has the advantage that it can be done at home so it is very suitable for the current pandemic era. Patients who have been diagnosed with end-stage renal failure usually require dialysis 2-3 times a week. The best kidney replacement therapy to date is a kidney graft or transplant, but the process takes time and it is often difficult for patients to find a suitable kidney donor. ***
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