VIVA – Vladimir Putin and Recep Tayyib Erdogan is a ‘success story’ leader in the era of modern democracy who convinces change constitution to extend their tenure as state executive leaders. Nicknames also appeared as they had the opportunity to increase their time in office.
In modern democracies, the term of office of the president or executive ruler is limited to a maximum of two terms. The restriction refers to the basic principle of democracy that power is not concentrated in one hand, but must be spread as widely as possible so that there is a circulation of leadership elites.
Therefore, countries that adhere to a democratic system formulate in their constitutions to limit the term of office of the president. As in Indonesia, the leadership of a president is limited to a maximum of two terms, namely 10 years. Five years in the first period, and if elected can continue for five years in the second period.
Likewise with the United States. The US constitution limits the presidential term to four years in the first term. Can be continued for four years in the next period, if re-elected. Franklin D Roosevelt is the only U.S. President to be elected four times in office from 1933 to 1945.
Along with the development of democracy and the political context of a country, this limitation of presidential power has recently become a political ‘bargaining’ of the elites to perpetuate power as president. There are various reasons, ranging from political stability, economic recovery after a slump or basically an iron fist.
The following are examples of ‘successful’ world leaders who have continued their tenure as presidents:
1. Vladimir Putin
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VIVA Military: Russian President, Vladimir Putin
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“Without Putin, there is no Russia.” That is the view of the deputy chief of staff of the Kremlin, also voiced by millions of Russians, who over the last two decades put Vladimir Putin in power.
Putin has served as President of Russia for four consecutive terms. First period (2000–2004); The second period (2004-2008). Then, Putin won the 2012 presidential election and placed him in his fourth term as President of Russia (2012-2018).
Putin also triumphed in the 2018 presidential election by winning more than 76 percent of the vote for the fourth term (2018-present).
In January 2020, Russian President Vladimir Putin proposed that the constitution be amended by popular vote. One of the things that was amended was that the presidential term was extended by two terms, so that Putin could return to the presidency.
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