Pregnant women are often concerned about the potential risks that could harm their unborn child, ranging from smoking and alcohol consumption to foodborne illnesses. However, a new study suggests that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy could significantly increase the risk for contracting the flu. This research sheds light on the importance of protecting expectant mothers from the harmful effects of air pollution and the potential impact it could have on their health and that of their unborn child. In this article, we will explore the findings of this study and provide insights into the preventative measures women can take to reduce their risk of exposure to air pollution during pregnancy.
Pregnancy puts women at risk for severe respiratory infections from multiple viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). According to a recent study conducted by the Texas A&M University School of Public Health’s Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, exposure to ultraparticulate matter (UFPs) during pregnancy increases the risk of respiratory viral infections. The study’s results were published in the journal Particle and Fibre Toxicology.
Dr. Natalie Johnson, the lead author of the study, stated that air pollution affects the pulmonary immune system, making individuals vulnerable to viral infections. Pregnant women are already at an increased risk of severe flu, despite various physiological characteristics, including increased cardiac output and decreased tidal volume, which explain maternal susceptibility to viral infections. The immunological changes that occur during pregnancy, including the selective modulation of immune cell subsets, also protect the developing fetus but render women more susceptible to respiratory infections.
The study also noted that despite vaccines against influenza being safe and effective, vaccination compliance during pregnancy is still below 50 percent, leading to an increased risk of developing respiratory infections. Air pollution is a pressing global environmental health problem, causing one in nine deaths annually, with more than seven million premature deaths each year. The mixture of gases and airborne particulate matter, such as UFPs, are vital to recognize and identify, especially for vulnerable populations.
The study’s findings support future clinical and regulatory interventions necessary to protect pregnant women and control UFPs. In urban cities, where influenza and UFPs are more common, it is crucial to provide vaccines and preventive measures limiting UFP exposure to protect maternal health. According to the researchers, air pollution is a pervasive environmental health issue, emphasizing the need to develop strategies to reduce the adverse health effects on vulnerable populations.
The study’s co-authors are from universities across the United States, including Texas A&M, Duke University, University of Florida, and the University of San Francisco.
In conclusion, it is crucial for expectant mothers to take precautionary measures to protect themselves and their unborn babies from air pollution. While it may seem daunting to avoid exposure to pollutants completely, taking small steps such as using air purifiers, avoiding outdoor activities during high pollution days, and wearing face masks can make a significant difference in reducing health risks. Ultimately, the well-being of both mother and child rely on taking responsible steps to limit exposure to air pollution, especially during flu season.
