According to the book “Dai Viet history book toan thu”, facing the danger of chipping away at the wealth and material resources of the country and people’s livelihood, the kings of the Ly dynasty had to use many different measures to prevent and reduce corruption. influence the rise and fall of the dynasty.
The measures taken have different effects, most of which are deterrence and prevention rather than suppression of visitors and umbrellas.
And the most effective deterrent against the crime of stealing people’s money is nothing more than the law. Therefore, King Ly Thai Tong (1028-1054), promulgated the first written law of our country, the Law on Criminal Records, to facilitate the trial.
Although now, the Criminal Law, which has undergone many historical changes, is no longer present, but through the trials and specific regulations of the Ly dynasty left in history, we have enough grounds to affirm that In this law, there is a reference to the trial of embezzlement and bribery.
That is corroborated in the book “Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu” when it was recorded in the year of the Goat (1043), the king came down to show the Quyen Kho ty (the company responsible for the silk storage) “who receives a separate measure of silk If you are a person, you will be punished with 100 staff, from 1 to 10 or more, you will be punished according to the number of sticks, with an additional 10 years of hard labor.”
In the reign of King Ly Thanh Tong (1054-1072), there was a new point that the king paid great attention to the prevention of the country’s national troubles when he proposed a special currency. It is the “intelligence maintenance money” (money that fosters integrity) for the prison officer.
This event took place in the year of Dinh Mui (1067), which was recorded in the book “Viet Su Cuong weak repertoire”: “The king gave each of Trong Hoa 50 denarii and 100 bundles of rice to cultivate integrity”.
During the reign of King Ly Anh Tong, for the first time in our country’s history, the law of interrogation for mandarins was carried out to classify those who took care of the people on behalf of the king. The book “Dai Viet History of Toan Thu” records that this took place in February 1162. In the book “Viet su Cuong weak repertoire” there is a passage that says: “In February, examine the achievements of the mandarins (9 years once). The martial arts officials, after being examined enough, are not guilty, are promoted.”
From this time on, the Ly Dynasty in the examination of the course for the people taking care of the people had a regulation to conduct a course once every 9 years and take it as a routine. History also recorded that in 1193, during the reign of King Ly Cao Tong, “The examination of the mandarins of the literature and martial arts inside and out, to determine whether they should be demoted or promoted”.
In the regulations of the Ly dynasty, although there is not much historical data left, it is known that after being examined, the mandarins will be divided into 3 different classes.
In 1179, during the reign of King Ly Cao Tong, when conducting the course examination, considering the merits of the mandarins, the court took those who were talented in literature as a category; people with high talent, good character, understanding of past and present work, do a kind of thing.
Then there are those who are not well versed in literature, but in return are diligent and talented in doing something. These 3 types are actually the best mandarins. They will be on behalf of the state to govern the people. Thanks to that, the effectiveness of the examination contributed to the management of the country of the Ly dynasty, as Phan Huy Chu commented, “The officials are all talented, there is no abuse”.
In the arrangement of officials, the Ly also paid attention to getting talented and virtuous people, limiting greed. History records that for the first time under King Cao Tong, although the king was late to the country, diligent in playing, but in governing, he also paid attention to the issue of choosing a mandarin.
Accordingly, the king had regulations on the virtue and integrity of the person selected to be in the ranks of the Ao Dai and the wide belt in 1179.
And before showing signs of weakening, in the later period of Ly Cao Tong’s reign, he also focused on recruiting sages. In the book “Kham Khim Viet Su Thong Giam Cuong Muc”, there is a passage that says, for the first time, the Ly Dynasty had “Chief for the sage”. It was done in January 1182.
Discussion:
With the application of the policy of “preservation for integrity”, King Thanh Tong was not only the one who clearly grasped the actual situation of the official life and also the mentality of the mandarins, but also was ahead of his time. Because of the fact that life has proven that poverty and misery will give birth to turmoil, because “poor lives a thief”.
Therefore, more than anyone at that time, Thanh Tong clearly saw the danger of collapse of the dynasty and the throne of the Ly dynasty if “national corruption” was rampant. And from this point of view, King Thanh Tong implemented an extremely humane policy at that time.
Not only that, in the early days of the reign, the Ly Dynasty also focused on talented people to help the king rule the people. With the edict of “requiring for the sage”, it has shown the view of respecting talents, and through this work is also an effective solution to reduce and eliminate the weak and weak moral and competent officials.
Therefore, the national ethics of the feudal dynasties in Vietnam, although similar to Chinese Confucianism, have many differences. It is the virtue of Vietnamese people built on the conditions of Vietnamese society; by the practical requirements and tasks posed to the Vietnamese people; by the origin and the relationship between the Confucian dynasty and the people. And it is this that has created the unique identity of the Vietnamese people.
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