Dinosaur are prehistoric reptiles that lived on Earth from about 245 million years ago. The term “dinosaur” (English, dinosaur) was coined in 1842 by Sir Richard Owen from the Greek δεινός (deinos) which means “terrible, strong, great” and ζαῦρος (sauros) “lizard” which is directly called dinosaur.
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Dinosaur age is the fourth period after the Paleozoic period called the Mesozoic period. The mesozoic period is divided into three parts, consisting of the triasic, jurassic, and cretaceous periods.
Species estimates vary, but in the case of extinct non-avian dinosaurs, about 300 generations and about 700 species have been found. All non-avian dinosaurs lived on land.
The majority of dinosaurs were vegetarian. While dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus rex and Giganotosaurus were meat eaters.
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The dinosaurs are thought to have died out by a meteor shower that occurred 65 million years ago. An asteroid 15 kilometers in diameter struck Earth 66 million years ago, with a shock equivalent of 10 billion Hiroshima bombs. Radioactive fireballs spread in various directions for hundreds of kilometers and created a tsunami that submerged half of the earth.
But that catastrophe didn’t make all the dinosaurs extinct. It took thousands of years for Earth to keep it safe from ancient animals such as dinosaurs. Changing climate, lack of sunlight, and plants that made dinosaurs extinct.
In the book entitled “Ecology of Java and Bali” published by Pre nhallindo and “Evolution” published by Tira Pustaka, it is stated that the prehistoric period in Indonesia occurred at least 1.5-1.6 million years ago.
Apart from early humans on the island of Java, several ancient animals were also inhabited. In the past, these animals dominated the mainland in Indonesia, which used to be the Sundanese and Sahul lands.
The oldest mammal remains on Java are from the Pliocene, and are of similar species to those found in the Siwalik valleys of India: primitive elephants – animals that resemble the extinct giant Trilophodon bumiajuensis elephant, the Hexaprotodon hippopotamus and deer.
All of these fossils date from 3 to 1.5 million years ago. Pleistocene fauna that probably originated from 0.8 to 1.5 million years ago.
From jetis, Trinil and Ngandong, they are very similar and have many links with Siwalik fossils and fauna from prehistoric China.
The animals in Java are those that now tend to live in wide open areas, and this also shows that the island of Java used to be almost entirely forest.
However, the presence of the long-horned buffalo Bubalus palaeokerabau with a horn stretch of 2.25 m, and several stegodons with fangs of 4 m long, indicates that the forest habitat in Java is not entirely tropical forest but rather open wood forest with grazing and swamps.
