There is presence mosquitoes In Mendoza it has been increasing for a few weeks due to the weather and continuous rains that occurred in some regions. Although there are two cases so far dengue confirmed, one imported from Peru and another indigenous, the Ministry of Health of the province requested that preventive measures be increased to avoid an outbreak like the one that happened last year .
MDZ He spoke exclusively with the director of Epidemiology, Quality and Regulatory Control of the Mendoza region, Andrea Falaschi, who gave details about the state of the situation for the summer season.
– Last year we had a big revolution in some sectors, what is expected or what measures should be taken?
Mendoza is an area that has seen the first strong outbreak of cases. We always had the vector (mosquito), but we had no dengue cases. The mosquito was present but the virus was not circulating, that is, we had no confirmed indigenous cases.
In Argentina there are two situations regarding dengue, areas that have the disease throughout the year and are called endemic areas and other areas where the disease has cycles, there are times where we have confirmed autochthonous cases .
It is important to reinforce preventive measures. In infected people there is an incubation period which can be between 3 and 14 days. While the fever lasts (about 7 days), the virus circulates through the human body, so it is important that they use repellents to avoid being bitten and transmitting the infection to that mosquito again.
– Can the larvae of mosquitoes that were infected last year survive and breed this season?
Mosquitoes can lay eggs and hatch larvae from there. The interesting thing is that some mosquitoes that lay eggs and are infected remain infected until the next season if no one eliminates the places where this reproduction can take place. It is important to remove all unnecessary devices that may contain water, brush pet water bowls, replace pot saucers, get rid of aquatic plants because the mosquito can lay eggs there and stay until it is warm, if these eggs are infected, mosquitoes are born that have an infectious disease on someone.
The idea is to remove the aquatic plants, replace them with wet sand or put them in soil, eliminate stagnant water. In the lakes there are some fish that act as biological controls for the mosquito. In pools, if the water is chlorinated and keeps moving, we have no problem. The gutters on the roofs of houses must be kept clean so that water flows.
– What happens to public places and cemeteries?
There are two important things to keep in mind, people are responsible for what happens inside their home but government agencies and cities are also responsible for keeping public spaces clean, with grass cut, trees planted uproot, eliminate places where it can breed and lay eggs. Special attention must be paid to places where there is a large concentration of people such as terminals, schools, hospitals, squares and parks because these buildings must be very clean.
In the case of cemeteries, the suggestion is to replace water with wet sand, to keep the flowers alive.
– What are the warning signs?
Doctors know this disease as “vulture bone” because it causes a lot of discomfort and worry to the patient due to the high fever.
Most cases of dengue are mild and transient without warning signs. It is a disease that causes high fever, headache, post-ocular pain, myalgia, body and joint pain, diarrhea, vomiting, skin rashes, and even in pediatric patients, respiratory symptoms such as pharyngitis were observed.
It was not dengue. Now we have seen that in pediatric patients they can have symptoms of pharyngitis or dysnophagia and they can have something that we call Rush or exanthema which are actually small spots on the skin, if it seems to a rash it looks like a straight rash, If the patient is well and has a high fever for 7 days, it is a disease called lammergeier’s disease in insects.
There is no contagion from person to person but there are cases of direct transmission in pregnant women where problems occur during pregnancy.
– Regarding Mendoza, a lot of focus is being placed on weed control, but what about the vaccination? Why are some areas vaccinated and Mendoza decided not to be vaccinated?
Most cases are transmitted through mosquito bites, so vector control is the most effective measure to control the disease. Dengue is a re-emerging disease that has been known for a long time, but environmental conditions are making mosquitoes increasingly resistant. For vector control there are different strategies. one of them is biological control through the controlled release of mosquitoes which was done a few days ago. This experiment brings out what was being done with the Mediterranean fly, for the fly it worked on.
The spread is done by zones because these mosquitoes fly around 8 blocks, controlled areas are created to check reproduction rates. This mosquito does not bite and is marked with a red color.
The vaccine available is a live virus vaccine that covers all four serotypes but is most effective for two of them. In Argentina we had most cases due to serotype 2 and we also had type 1 and a few cases of serotype 3 It is a vaccine that has been studied in the population between 6 and 16 years of age old Phase 3 studies of the vaccine were conducted between the ages of three and 16 and it was approved up to the age of 60, which is why the vaccine is on the market.
Efficacy studies were better in those patients who already had dengue because they had wider coverage. It cannot happen in everyone, it must be indicated by a doctor because the benefits must be evaluated. It is a viral vaccine that cannot be given to immunocompromised women, pregnant women or women who are pregnant. To have immunity we have to separate the two doses in three months.
The recommendation of international organizations is that vaccination would be carried out in places where there are many cases, that is, they have an incidence of cases higher than 4,200 per hundred thousand inhabitants. Mendoza does not reach 300 per 100,000 in the province as a whole.
Watch the interview here
2024-11-17 12:02:00
#Dengue #Mendoza #precautions #vaccinated
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