Beware of dengue fever
By:
Dr. Fredine ESRares, MKes
Unsrat Postgraduate Entomology Doctoral Study Program
FEVER Dengue Hemorrhagic Dengue (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), which is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito.
This disease entered Indonesia in 1968 through the Port of Surabaya and in 1980 it had spread throughout Indonesia.
In 1988 dengue fever began to spread throughout Indonesia with the number of sufferers reaching 13.45 per 100,000 population. The Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes from the Stegomya family, namely Aedes aeggypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes scuttelaris, Aedes polynesiensis and Aedes niveus.
The main vector of dengue fever in Indonesia is the mosquito known as Aedes aegypty and the potential vector is Aedes albopictus.
Aedes mosquitoes, spp are tropical and sub-tropical mosquito species throughout the world in latitudes 350 N and 350 S.
Tropical and subtropical climate countries are at high risk of transmission of the virus.
This is associated with high temperature increases and changes in the rainy and dry seasons which are thought to be risk factors for dengue virus transmission and are mostly located in urban and semi-urban areas.
Its name is derived from the Greek word, namely Aedes, which means “unpleasant”, because this mosquito spreads several dangerous diseases such as dengue fever.
According to the World Health Organization, the morbidity rate for dengue fever reaches almost 50 percent million cases per year.
About half of the world’s population is now at risk of dengue fever with an estimated 100–400 million infections occurring each year.
The incidence of dengue fever has increased dramatically worldwide in recent decades, with cases reported to WHO increasing from 505,430 cases in 2000 to 5.2 million in 2019.
One modeling estimate suggests 390 million dengue virus infections per year and 96 million of these are clinically manifest. Another study on the prevalence of dengue fever estimates that 3.9 billion people are at risk of contracting the dengue virus.
This disease is now endemic in more than 100 countries in the WHO Region of Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific.
The Americas, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific are the worst affected, with Asia representing around 70 percent of the global disease burden.
Dengue virus infection has spread evenly among 33 provinces in Indonesia, with an interepidemic background of between 10,000 – 25,000 cases each year.
Indonesia itself has a morbidity rate that continues to increase.
Reporting from several sources, in 2021 there were 73,518 cases with a death toll of 705 people.
In 2022 there will be 131,265 cases with a death rate of 1,183 people.
In the period January – July 2023, as many as 42,690 people were infected with dengue fever and 317 people died.
According to data from the North Sulawesi Government, during January-June 2023 there were 1,120 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue fever found and of this number there were 10 deaths.
Manado is the region with the highest number of cases, namely 230 cases.
For this reason, we as citizens of Manado City must continue to strive to do various things to anticipate extraordinary dengue fever incidents which usually occur once every five years.
The factors that can trigger this dengue fever incident are:
– Environment: Changes in temperature, humidity and rainfall cause mosquitoes to lay eggs more often so that disease transmission vectors increase and viruses develop more quickly.
– Population density, the denser the population, the easier it is for transmission to occur, because the mosquito’s flight distance can reach 50 meters.
– Behavior: Lack of attention by some people to the cleanliness of their living environment, the existence of artificial or natural reservoirs around the home environment and final waste disposal sites (TPA) or other rubbish places, the presence of stagnant water which can become a place for mosquitoes to live and breed.
There are efforts that can be made to reduce the risk of contracting dengue fever
by protecting yourself from mosquito bites, such as:
– Wear clothes that cover most of the body.
– Use a mosquito net when sleeping during the day, considering the nature of these mosquitoes which are active during the day.
– Using window screens, mosquito screens, etc.
– Using mosquito repellent (containing DEET, Picaridin or IR3535)
– Using coils and vaporizers.
– The most effective primary prevention is to do 3M (Drain, Cover, Bury) which can be done every 2 weeks to prevent stagnant water which can become a breeding ground for mosquitoes.
That’s it and hopefully it’s useful so that we can all avoid the dangers of dengue fever. (Adv)
2023-12-30 04:45:00
#Beware #DHF #Tribun #Manado
