covid strain develops Battle-ready flags of T cells

until it reaches a certain level and then returns to the human population with changes that humans have never encountered before.

The team analyzed several sites for omikron-specific alterations and binding to the mouse ACE2 receptor protein, which occurred relatively. specific, leading to such assumptions

It is interesting that … if this hypothesis is true “Weird looking species” may be poised to create more challenges for us in the future. and very unpredictably The above information is the result of a study recently published in the journal PNAS. Dr. Anan Chongkaewwatana NSTDA virologists have further pondered the academic data

Another study came out of a Harvard University team on the answer. A second-generation “COVID-19 vaccine” in the United States, a combination of 50% Spike’s mRNA and 50% BA.5 strain, was given to the volunteers as a booster. Compared to the vaccinated group, the original vaccine regimen lacked BA.5 tip mRNA.

It can be summarized as follows. One … both vaccine formulations tended to induce high numbers of antibodies against older strains and less against omikron strains (BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5).

Next … when considering immunity to BA.5 in the old booster vaccine group it increased from 184 to 2,829 and in the second formulation vaccine group, it increased from 211 to 3,693, or 15-fold and 17-fold, respectively , which the research team examines. The difference in the mRNA presence of the BA.5 peak should be greater.

Third … comparing Pfizer vaccines … Modern formulation 2, it was found that there was no significant difference in inducing immunity to omikron, specifically BA.5, but the Moder group. immunity to the original superior species.

Four … the binding of antibodies and other values ​​No difference was found between the two groups (antibody levels) such as ELISA.

Fifth … Activation of T lymphocytes After the stimulation needle was not high and the difference was barely noticeable.

Six … Memory B cell responses to BA.5 peaks were not different in either group.

The old group of vaccines scored 0.079% and the new vaccine 0.091%. At this point, the research team concluded that both vaccines activate antibodies equally well. but not very good at stimulating T cells

In addition, the research team thinks The body has received many old formula vaccines. The body responds to the new vaccine is not very good. It could be a problem that needs serious consideration.

Another interesting fact: The U.S. CDC has released booster vaccine efficacy data (peak 3) on preventing hospitalization during the omikron outbreak among immunized populations over 18 years of age in hospital samples. in many states of the United States have found …

The effectiveness of the vaccine decreases rapidly within 120 days or 4 months.

During the BA.1 / BA.2 outbreak the numbers dropped from 79% to 41% and during the BA.4 / BA.5 outbreak the starting numbers were not the same as in the previous wave of outbreaks, at 60 % and lower. down to just 29% within 120 days of receiving the booster What the research team said was a steep drop in numbers.

“This paper also mentions 4th needle stimulation, but the data after 120 days are not sufficient to calculate its effectiveness. But if we compare the trigger value is 61% in both periods of the current outbreak. The number that will fall will be slower or faster than the group of 3 needles, the rest shouldn’t be that high anyway ”.

aimed at surveillance “New species” Of the viral “COVID-19” that has changed, it has now been a lot more than a year or two since the technology that had to decipher the virus to see the virus change. Time and Money Required Now new innovations are coming out to solve such problems in many ways.

If a technology is easy to develop less time Don’t waste a lot of budget This is likely to be the deciding point that plays an important role in monitoring new fast growing species in the future. And it’s something that can be extended to other pathogens in the future as well.

strengthen understanding of the mechanism of “T cells” Unlike “antibodies”, T lymphocytes do not protect against infection. but it will act to inhibit the spread of the effects of the infection. A sharp drop in antibodies will result in easy reinfection. But the symptoms of the disease are not serious. This is because the reinfected virus is immune to the body.

… prevents the virus from multiplying as much as it did when it was first infected.

“When a virus enters a cell The virus multiplies in large numbers in the cell. Viruses have to make their own proteins to assemble their offspring and other proteins that work to make the new particles more efficient. “

Some of the viral proteins produced are then cut into small pieces by the host’s cells. and transported through a molecule called MHC to the cell surface. It is like a flag that says this house is no longer safe, it is attacked, if you do not rush to take care of this house, it will be a source of many enemies that will come out and attack other houses.

“T cells” There is a mechanism for quickly viewing flags fixed on the cell surface. But not all T cells will see the flag of the same color. If it is a brand new flag, it has never been used before. The T lymphocytes will not recognize them and will let the virus gleefully multiply in that house. It will take some time for the T lymphocytes to learn and start coping with them. which … usually takes a long time

and in case the virus can increase the quantity to destroy important parts of the body It can be serious, but if the virus does little damage. And the body can handle it immediately. “The T lymphocytes” will have memory and be ready to fight that virus next time … “If the next infection is still the same virus. Although there were some key mutations that escaped antibodies to infect cells, most of the proteins produced had remained the same. being sub-dirty to be marked on the cell surface This time, the T lymphocytes are already waiting for battle. it would be able to quickly destroy the house that was planted with the flag … “

“virus” Maybe some particles were created, the house was already destroyed. Symptoms of the infection can then be controlled … Infected but no or very little symptoms by the functioning of T lymphocytes.

Currently, there is no “SARS-CoV-2” that has changed so much that the “T cell” is unknown … but the vaccine is only created from spikes. which has a limitation that digested proteins are only spike proteins. But not all viral proteins cause less T-cell activity from vaccines than those from natural infections.

If the infection in nature continues to increase, the chances of contracting SARS-CoV-2 are very serious. it will get harder and harder Because T cells are harder to escape than antibodies. But the virus may not afford to give up easily. because there are often clever mechanisms To escape capture or destroy “T cells” “T cells” yourself

Of course, this battle … is something to watch out for.