7:00 pm
Saturday 29 October 2022
I wrote – Asmaa Morsi
There are different stages of colorectal cancer and finding out the signs and symptoms of the condition is one way to prevent further progression of the disease.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world.
At first, polyps can develop in the colon and rectum, and over time, these polyps can develop into colon cancer and the symptoms and treatment of the condition largely depend on the stage of the disease, according to the timesnownews website.
Stages of colorectal cancer:
Stage 0: Also known as metastatic carcinoma, it is considered colorectal cancer stage I. In this stage, cancer cells begin to develop in the inner lining of the colon or rectum.
Stage 1: At this stage, the disease begins to penetrate the lining of the colon or rectum and grow into the muscle layer, however, at this stage, the disease does not reach the lymph nodes or other parts of the body.
Stage 2: Cancer begins to spread to the colon / rectal walls as well as to adjacent tissues and wall.
Stage III: The disease begins to spread to the lymph nodes, however it does not spread to other parts of the body.
Stage IV: This is the last stage of the disease, as the disease begins to spread to other parts of the body such as the liver, lungs, or other organs.
Symptoms:
Symptoms of the disease change depending on the stage of the cancer. If you have stage 0 colorectal cancer, your symptoms will be different than stage 3 colorectal cancer. Here are some common symptoms you may notice:
diarrhea.
blood in the stool
Abdominal pain.
constipation;
Changes in stool color.
Bleeding from the rectum.
Gas increased.
swelling;
Some of these symptoms may also be the result of other health conditions, however, if symptoms persist, a specialist should be consulted immediately, to prevent the spread of the disease and to screen for colon cancer.
The symptoms of stages 3 and 4 may differ from those of the early stages Here are some symptoms of the advanced stages of cancer.
severe weakness
Excessive weight loss.
Excessive tiredness.
Feeling that your intestines are not completely empty.
He retched;
When cancer spreads to other parts and organs of the body, you may also notice the following symptoms:
wheezing.
Bone fractures.
Chronic headache.
Swelling in the hands and feet.
yellowing of the eyes and skin;
difficulty seeing
Types of colorectal cancer:
There are multiple types, depending on the type of cells that become cancerous.
Other types of cancer develop due to the formation of tumors.
Carcinoids: These are tumors that begin to develop in the hormone-producing cells within the intestine.
Sarcomas are cancers that develop in the soft tissues of the colon or rectum, such as muscles.
Lymphomas: These are tumors that develop in the lymph nodes or in the colon.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: These are tumors that first turn into benign and later become cancerous.
– Processing methods:
There are different types of treatments and it all depends on the stage of the disease.
1- Surgery:
There are different types of surgery, depending on the stage of the cancer.If it is in the early stage, the doctor recommends surgery to remove polyps or cancerous cells.
However, if the disease has reached advanced stages, surgery may be required where the affected part of the colon and rectum is removed and also provide a separate way to allow waste to leave the body.
2- Radiotherapy:
Doctors use radiation to kill cancer cells, usually before surgery to reduce the size of cancer cells. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be recommended if surgery is not an option.
3- Immunotherapy:
It is a type of drug therapy that boosts the immune system in a way that allows it to fight cancer and is usually recommended for people who have advanced stages of the disease.
4- Chemotherapy:
In this type of treatment, there are drugs that are used to destroy cancer cells.This procedure is usually used after surgery and when the disease has spread to the lymph nodes and to reduce the size of the cancer.
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