New cases of Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) detected in California’s deer and elk
Deadly neurologic disease reaches California’s wildlife
In a recent and alarming development, Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) has been detected for the first time in deer and elk populations in California. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) received confirmation on May 6, after samples from two deer were collected – one in Madera County near Yosemite Lakes and the other in Inyo County near Bishop. Unfortunately, both deer were found dead, one due to unknown causes and the other after a vehicle collision.
A grave threat to cervid animals
CWD is a fatal neurologic disease that affects animals like deer, elk, moose, and reindeer. Extensively studied, it has been detected in free-ranging cervids across 34 states in the US, including California, and in five Canadian provinces as well as Scandinavia. The disease primarily targets the brain, leading to progressive damage until it ultimately claims the animal’s life. Unfortunately, there is currently no known effective treatment or vaccine to combat this disease.
Low risk for humans, but caution advised
Thus far, there is no known link between CWD and human disease. However, it is worth noting that a similar prion disease called bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or mad cow disease, which affects cattle, has been linked to fatal disease in humans through the consumption of infected beef. Given this potential risk, the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention emphasize the importance of keeping prion diseases out of the human food chain.
Intensive surveillance efforts by CDFW
The California Department of Fish and Wildlife has been monitoring the state’s elk and deer populations for CWD since 2000. In their efforts, they have carried out lymph node sampling and testing on over 6,500 deer and elk. Since 2018, they have been actively working to increase surveillance by involving hunters, taxidermists, and meat processors in their efforts. The intent is to identify and control the spread of CWD in California’s wildlife.
Identifying the symptoms and challenges
CWD can manifest in cervids with various symptoms, including progressive weight loss, muscular incoordination, lethargy, excessive thirst or urination, and behavioral changes. Tragically, once these symptoms appear, the disease progresses swiftly, leading to death.
A likely long-standing presence in California
Given the geographically dispersed locations of these two recent detections, it is now suspected that Chronic Wasting Disease has been present in California’s deer and elk populations for a considerable amount of time. The incubation period, which can last from months to years, has likely allowed the disease to spread undetected.
Expert insights on the challenges posed by CWD
Dr. Brandon Munk, CDFW’s wildlife veterinarian in charge of CWD surveillance and response efforts, explained, “CWD-infected animals can excrete infectious prions long before showing any clinical signs. These prions can persist in the environment for extended periods, making it difficult to prevent or control the spread once the disease has been introduced.” To mitigate the spread of CWD, the public is encouraged to promptly report any signs of illness observed in deer and elk populations. Furthermore, hunters are strongly advised to have their harvested deer or elk tested for CWD.
Stepping up surveillance and promoting participation
CDFW remains dedicated to supporting surveillance, response, and long-term management plans concerning CWD. Through their ongoing “No Time to Waste” campaign, the department seeks to limit the spread of this disease. In addition to the efforts of CDFW, hunters are urged to voluntarily participate in the statewide CWD surveillance and sampling program, while encouraging others within their community to join in.
Report a sick deer or elk to aid in surveillance
If you encounter a sick deer or elk, it is crucial to report it. To facilitate this, the Wildlife Mortality Reporting service is available.
Testing your cervid harvest and gathering information
For detailed information and instructions on how to have your cervid harvest tested, visit the Chronic Wasting Disease page.
