Male candidiasis is an infection caused by the proliferation of the fungus Candida albicans in the male’s intimate area, leading to inflammation of the glans and/or foreskin of the penis which causes symptoms such as pain and redness, swelling and itching.
Male candidiasis is most often due to inadequate intimate hygiene, leading to excess moisture and the accumulation of secretions under the foreskin, which encourages the growth of the fungus. However, it can also appear as a result of an alteration of the immune system.
Treatment of candidiasis in men, also known as penile candidiasis, is carried out by a urologist who can recommend the use of antifungal drugs in the form of ointments or tablets, as well as good intimate hygiene.
Symptoms of male candidiasis
The main symptoms of candidiasis in men are:
- Pain, burning, swelling and local redness at the glans or foreskin;
- Intense itching in the area;
- Reddish and/or whitish patches on the penis;
- Whitish or transparent discharge;
- Pain, discomfort or burning sensation when urinating;
- Dry skin;
- Difficulty exposing the glans.
Also, in some cases there may be sores on the penis, increased sensitivity, bad odor and general discomfort.
Besides the penis, candidiasis can also appear on the testicles, in the groin, or spread to other places on the body, such as between the toes and inside the mouth.
How to confirm the diagnosis
Candidiasis in men is diagnosed by a urologist based on an assessment of symptoms, medical history and physical examination. Additionally, in recurrent and atypical cases, laboratory tests may be ordered to confirm the presence and species of the fungus.
In the case of male candidiasis that does not affect the genital area, the symptoms should be evaluated by a dermatologist or general practitioner, who will indicate the most appropriate treatment.
Possible causes
Male candidiasis is mainly caused by the overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicanswhich causes inflammation in the intimate area, leading to the symptoms. However, there are certain risk factors that can increase the risk of developing candidiasis in men, such as:
- Inadequate intimate hygiene;
- Wearing tight underwear or wet clothes;
- Skin irritation caused by personal hygiene products or condoms containing lubricants;
- Not drying the penis properly after showering;
- Weakened immune system;
- Decompensated or untreated diabetes;
- Not having been circumcised;
- Long-term use of antibiotics, immunosuppressive drugs or corticosteroids;
- Intimate contact without a condom with a person infected with Candida albicans.
Additionally, autoimmune diseases or chemotherapy treatments for cancer can also increase the risk of developing male candidiasis.
These conditions can favor the proliferation of Candida sp and lead to inflammation of the glans penis, called balanitis, or of the foreskin, called balanoposthitis. Learn more about balanitis.
Treatment options
Treatment of candidiasis in men should be carried out under the guidance of a urologist and mainly includes:
1. Antimycotic ointments
Candidiasis ointments are antifungal ointments, which work by inhibiting the growth of the fungus Candida albicans. The duration of treatment varies from 1 to 3 weeks.
It is important not to interrupt treatment, even if symptoms improve within a few days.
2. Corticosteroid ointments
Corticosteroid ointments, such as hydrocortisone, may be indicated for more intense inflammation in the genital area to relieve symptoms. These ointments are usually used in combination with antifungal ointments.
3. Oral antifungals
In more serious cases, with more intense inflammation of the glans or foreskin, the urologist may also recommend the use of oral antifungals, in order to eradicate the Candida albicans.
4. Correct intimate hygiene
Adequate intimate hygiene is important during the treatment of male candidiasis, but also to prevent further outbreaks of candidiasis. By correct intimate hygiene we mean washing the penis by pulling on the glans, keeping it clean and dry at all times, avoiding the use of products that can irritate the skin and using condoms in all sexual relations in order to reduce the risk of communicable infections.
5. Diet Changes
Dietary changes can help heal candidiasis, including reducing carbohydrates and avoiding sugary foods and alcoholic beverages. In addition, it is recommended to consume probiotics, such as yogurt and kefir, for example, fruits and vegetables and whole grains, for example, as they help strengthen the immune system to fight infection.
In addition to medical treatment, a good home remedy for candidiasis is ginger tea, for example.
How to prevent
To prevent male candidiasis, it is important to
- Perform daily intimate hygiene;
- Avoid wearing hot, tight or damp clothing;
- Sleeping without underwear;
- Use a condom during all sexual relations.
In addition, it is important to strengthen the immune system, which can be done by eating a healthy, balanced diet and exercising daily.
