Heart disease is a prevalent and serious health issue in the United States, affecting both women and men. However, recent studies have shown that Black women face an even higher risk of developing heart disease compared to other demographic groups. This alarming finding has prompted experts to delve deeper into the factors contributing to this disparity and explore ways to reduce the risk for Black women.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), heart disease affects 44% of women in the U.S. But among Black women, more than half of those aged 20 and older are living with this condition. Furthermore, a recent report by the EH Project revealed that Black women are 2.4 times more likely to develop heart disease than white women. The age-adjusted death rate from heart disease in Black women is also significantly higher than in white women.
So, what are the reasons behind this increased risk for Black women? Dr. Rachel M. Bond, a cardiologist and co-chair of the Association of Black Cardiologists’s Cardiovascular Disease in Women and Children’s Committee, emphasizes the role of social determinants of health. Factors such as socioeconomic status, access to healthcare and education, and systemic racism contribute to 80% of health outcomes. The stressors experienced by Black women due to racism lead to increased inflammation and blood pressure, negatively impacting their heart health and raising the risk of coronary artery disease.
In addition to social determinants, genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions also contribute to the higher risk of heart disease among Black women. Dr. Karol Watson, a professor of cardiology at UCLA, explains that shared genetic risk within families can play a role. If multiple family members suffer from heart disease, there may be a shared genetic predisposition. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, and high salt diets also increase the risk. Excessive salt intake raises blood pressure, which is a significant risk factor for heart disease. The American Heart Association recommends limiting daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg.
To lower the risk of heart disease, it is crucial for everyone, especially Black women, to be aware of their heart health numbers. Maintaining a blood pressure below 130/80 significantly reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Dr. Watson advises Black women to know their numbers, maintain a healthy weight, and control risk factors such as high cholesterol and high blood pressure. She also shares her “five tips for a heart RESET,” which includes reducing alcohol intake, adopting a plant-based diet, prioritizing self-care, engaging in regular exercise, and assessing risk with a healthcare provider.
In conclusion, the higher risk of heart disease among Black women is a concerning issue that requires attention and action. Understanding the various factors contributing to this disparity, including social determinants of health, genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions, is crucial in developing effective strategies to reduce the risk. By empowering Black women with knowledge about their heart health numbers and providing them with resources and support, we can work towards improving cardiovascular outcomes and ensuring a healthier future for all.
