– Bad habits and diabetes

The effect of bad habits in patients with diabetes is related to the development of cardiovascular problems (CVC), which leads to the increase of the disease and is associated with a high risk of death.

Type II diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. According to statistics, it accounts for about 90% of diabetes cases worldwide.

Endocrinologist from the Republican Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention Sardana Andreevna Sotnikova spoke about the risk factors of the disease.

Smoking, as one of the common bad habits, is an independent risk factor that leads to the complications of diabetes mellitus, because it leads to a breakdown of lipid (fat) metabolism. Doctors say that smoking patients with diabetes are very likely to develop the following pathologies:

• kidney, heart and vascular diseases, as well as hypertension, which, in turn, increases the risks of stroke and heart attack;
• Due to poor circulation, simple cuts often turn into long-term non-healing ulcers, and their re-infection can lead to amputation.
• Increased thrombus formation also contributes to complications; problems from the visual organs: retinopathy, which can cause blindness.

Existing problems caused by diabetes itself and / or smoking can make the other course more difficult and affect the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Comprehensive diabetes treatment includes doctors’ recommendations on a proper and healthy lifestyle. Among the most active substances that enter the body when inhaling cigarette smoke are nicotine, carbon monoxide and heavy tar, which enters almost every device .

Nicotine affects the nervous system, leading to increased blood flow to the muscles and reduced blood flow to the skin. Because of this, heart palpitations occur and blood pressure rises significantly. The load on the heart increases, but the blood circulation is weakened due to the disease and the weak flow of oxygen leads to a rupture of the myocardium. As a result, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris occurs, and in severe cases, a heart attack can occur. Carbon monoxide – carbon monoxide – also enters the body with smoke. This odorless toxic substance directly affects the composition of the blood. Hemoglobin in the blood of a smoker is partially converted to carboxin, which cannot carry oxygen to cells. The tissues feel starved of oxygen, and the person feels very tired, gets tired quickly and cannot resist even a small physical activity.

It is always dangerous to drink alcohol if you have diabetes because alcohol blocks the flow of carbohydrates into the blood from the liver, which can lead to severe delayed hypoglycemia. In addition, it is impossible to eliminate such hypoglycemia by giving a glucagon injection, but only by giving carbohydrates that can be eaten quickly (sweets, sugar, intravenous glucose). Such hypoglycemia is difficult to treat and often leads to hospitalization. It must be remembered that sweet and semi-sweet wines, champagne, and liqueurs contain many carbohydrates that can be consumed quickly and quickly increase blood sugar. Carbonated alcoholic drinks also promote the rapid absorption of alcohol into the blood. It is not recommended to use if you have diabetes. Remember that uncontrolled alcohol abuse, especially in the presence of diabetes, can lead to irreversible changes in the liver, the development of nutritional hepatitis and cirrhosis, and irreversible changes in the brain .

Overeating, excessive consumption of carbohydrates that can be consumed quickly, and a sedentary lifestyle are also “bad habits” of our time. More than 30% of “hidden” fat is in semi-finished products, “fast food”, sausages, sausages. To improve the taste, they are smoked, artificial colors, preservatives, flavors, flavor enhancers, and salt are added in large quantities – all this has a negative effect on health. With regular consumption of high-calorie foods with a lot of carbohydrates, the need for insulin increases and insulin sensitivity decreases..

An important indicator of obesity is waist circumference and body mass index. Waist circumference for men should not exceed 94 cm, for women – 80 cm Normal body index: 18.5-24.9 kg / m2. The more severe the obesity (the higher the body mass index and waist circumference), the more difficult it is to reduce blood sugar and get diabetes compensation.

Diabetes mellitus is an incurable disease, but if you follow a healthy lifestyle: stop smoking, drink alcohol, lose weight and correct weight, follow the recommendations of an endocrinologist – regular monitoring of sugar, taking medications, physical activity, you can avoid cardiovascular problems and their. outcomes.

Photo: doctor Sotnikova SA, endocrinologist

Source: Press service of the State Budget Institute of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) “RTsOZiMP”

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