The Union produced agricultural output for 537.1 billion. euro, with which it is behind by 1.5 percent from 2022.
Prez 2023 agricultural production in the EU is estimated by Eurostat to €537.1 billion at basic prices, down 1.5% compared to 2022. (€545.4 billion). This slight decline from the peak production value in 2022. ended the upward trend that started in 2010. This change in nominal value reflects the balance of a decline in the volume of production (-2.3%) and a slight rise in the nominal price of agricultural goods and services (+0.8%).
Although the volume of agricultural production in the EU in 2023 is slightly lower than in 2022, there are 10 EU countries for which volumes are higher. The sharpest growth is in Hungary (+26%) and Slovakia (+12%). In the other countries, the declines are the sharpest in Greece (-16%), Estonia, Latvia, Spain (-9% each) and Sweden (-8%).
Just over half (51.0%) of the value of the total output of the EU agricultural industry in 2023. comes from crops (€273.6 billion), among which vegetables and garden plants as well as cereals are the most valuable crops (see Figure 1). Almost two-fifths (39.9%) of total output comes from animals and animal products (€214.3 billion), with the majority coming from milk and pigs alone. Agricultural services (€25.4 billion) and indivisible non-agricultural activities (€23.8 billion) contributed the remainder (9.2%).
Income
Annual agricultural income in 2023 compared to 2022 and 2015. (2015 is 100 on the left scale)
The agricultural one incomedefined by real factor incomes and expressed as an index, for the EU as a whole in 2023. was 7.6% lower than in 2022. This reflects a lower level of factor income compared to 2022. (-3.1%), which was conditionally achieved through lower total labor input in agriculture (decrease by -1.8%).
The majority of EU countries have estimated declines in the agricultural income index in 2023, underpinning the overall decline at EU level as a whole. The sharpest rates of decline are in Estonia (-61.4%), Lithuania (-47.4%), Latvia (-36.2%), Ireland (-34.6%) and Sweden (-30.3 %). There are only a few EU countries where this agricultural income index increased in 2023, with the highest levels in Belgium (+27.3%) and then Spain (+12.9%).
For Bulgaria, there is a serious drop in income in 2023. compared to 2022 (the arrow at the top of the graph), but compared to 2015 income remains significantly higher.
Working hand
The labor input in agriculture in the EU was the equivalent of 7.6 million full-time workers in 2023.
Most of the total agricultural labor input is unpaid labor; this equates to 5.3 million full-time workers in 2023. Wage labor is the equivalent of 2.3 million full-time workers in 2023.
There is a long-established downward trend in the number of people working in the EU’s agricultural sector; in the period between 2008 and 2023 the average rate of decline in the volume of agricultural labor used in the EU as a whole was 2.6% per year. The downward trend continued in 2023, albeit at a slightly slower pace (-1.8%).
In most EU countries, less total labor was used in agriculture in 2023 than in the previous year, with a particularly strong and renewed contraction in Denmark (-11.3%), Finland (-11.2%), Latvia (-10.9%) and Bulgaria (- 7.3%). However, there are some countries where the volume of labor used in 2023 is estimated to be higher, with the strongest growth in Romania (+7.3%), Cyprus (+6.3%) and Malta (+ 3.6%).
In several EU countries, notably Cyprus, Hungary, Romania and Belgium, in 2023 more paid farm labor was used than in 2022, partly reflecting increased hiring requirements in peak seasons. This is often contrasted with a general decline in the total amount of agricultural labor used.
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