Indonesian War of Independence
After the end of the Japanese occupation in August 1945, the Netherlands was determined to bring the Dutch East Indies colony back under Dutch rule. This was met with fierce resistance from Indonesian independence fighters. During two so-called police actions, in fact military interventions, everything was done between 1947 and 1949 to break the resistance.
An estimated 5000 Dutch soldiers and at least 100,000 Indonesians were killed. Finally, under heavy American pressure, The Hague recognized Indonesian independence on December 27, 1949. King Willem-Alexander offered Indonesia in 2020 apologies to for the “excessive violence” of the Netherlands.
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