In biology, it is called a zygote, zygote, egg or zygote (from the Greek ζυγωτός zygōtós ‘yoked, united’, derived from ζυγοῦν zygoûn ‘uncir, unite’)[1] to the cell resulting from the union of the male gamete (sperm or anterozoid) with the female gamete (ovum) in the sexual reproduction of organisms (animals, plants, fungi and some unicellular eukaryotes). The fusion of the gametes is followed by the fusion of the nuclei, with which it turns out that the nucleus of the zygote has two complete sets of genetic determinants (chromosomes), each of them derived from the nucleus of a gamete.[2] Its cytoplasm and organelles are always of maternal origin as they come from the ovum.
The resulting zygote undergoes a process called segmentation, in which several consecutive mitoses occur and a mass of embryonic cells originates, the blastomeres, which make up the morula, which later evolves into a blastula. All animals (ss) experience this phenomenon. The egg and later the zygote, have a certain polarity, so that the germinative pole or animal pole is distinguished, where the nucleus is located and where all metabolic activity takes place, and the vegetative pole, which is the area where the reserve substances or yolk.
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