JAKARTA, KOMPAS.TV – Pneumonia is a real threat to children in the world because it causes breathing problems and even death. The Deputy Minister of Health, Dante Saksono Harbuwono, said that exposure to cigarette smoke is one of the causes of pneumonia in children. Besides cigarette smoke, other causes of pneumonia are viruses, bacteria or fungi.
“Statistical data shows that children whose parents smoke are more likely to catch pneumonia compared to children whose parents do not smoke,” Dante said, quoted from the Ministry of Health website .
Dante explained that deaths from pneumonia worldwide occur every 43 seconds. This means that 700 thousand children die every year because of pneumonia.
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The Acting Director of Disease Prevention and Control at the Ministry of Health, Yudhi Pramono, said that pneumonia is one of the diseases that cause the largest number of deaths among children under the age of five in Indonesia. WHO data for 2021 shows that pneumonia causes 740 thousand deaths in children under the age of 5 years, or equal to 14 percent of total deaths under the age of five worldwide.
“This shows that pneumonia is a real threat to children’s health,” said Yudhi.
Based on BPJS Health data in 2023, pneumonia is ranked first as the disease with the highest medical costs, which is IDR 8.7 trillion, followed by tuberculosis (TB), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD), asthma and lung cancer.
To support the SDGs, which are to ensure a healthy and prosperous life for all ages, the government aims to reduce the under-five mortality rate due to pneumonia and reduce pneumonia cases in children under five up to 70 percent nationally.
The government’s focus includes developing basic health services, education and providing pneumonia vaccines, as well as encouraging the public to adopt clean and healthy living habits. .
“The vaccine is only one small part of efforts to overcome pneumonia. Another effort is to achieve the quality of children’s nutrition so that their immunity increases, including providing exclusive breastfeeding and providing good nutrition for the growth and development of children,” said Dante.
The pneumonia vaccination schedule according to the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI) is at the age of 2, 4 and 6 months with an increase at 12-15 months. If it is not given at the age of 7-12 months, PCV is given twice with a minimum distance of one month and increase at the age of 12-15 months with a distance of 2 months from the previous dose. If not given at age 1-2,
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PCV is given 2 times with a minimum distance of two months.
If the vaccine is not given at the age of 2-5 years, PCV10 can be given twice two months apart, and PCV13 or PCV15 can be given once.
For children under 5 years of age who are at high risk and have never received the PCV vaccine, it is recommended to receive a single dose of PCV13 or PCV15. Parents can also first consult with a pediatrician at the nearest health service facility regarding pneumonia vaccines in children.
2024-11-19 21:05:00
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In what ways can innovative technology be utilized to enhance the early detection and treatment of pneumonia in children, particularly in underserved populations?
Thank you for sharing the article with me. Here are some potential open-ended questions for an interview about the causes, prevention, and treatment of pneumonia in children:
1. Could you provide a more detailed explanation of the direct link between exposure to cigarette smoke and the incidence of pneumonia in children? Are there any other environmental factors that contribute to the development of pneumonia in this age group?
2. What role does proper nutrition play in preventing pneumonia in children? How can parents ensure their children are getting the necessary vitamins and minerals to strengthen their immune systems?
3. Could you elaborate on the importance of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in reducing the risk of pneumonia in children? Why is it recommended for children under 5 years old, and what are the potential long-term benefits of vaccination?
4. What are some common misconceptions or barriers that parents face when it comes to vaccinating their children against pneumococcal disease? How can healthcare providers address these concerns and improve vaccine uptake rates?
5. How is the Indonesian government working to decrease the number of under-five deaths due to pneumonia? What specific measures are being taken to improve access to vaccination and healthcare services for families in rural or low-resource areas?
6. In your opinion, what is the biggest challenge in reducing the number of pneumonia cases in Indonesia, and how can we work together to overcome this challenge?
7. How can healthcare professionals and policymakers collaborate to develop more effective strategies for preventing, diagnosing, and treating pneumonia in children? Are there any promising new developments in this area that we should be aware of?
