Pediatrician Kuryanova: measles is one of the most contagious diseases in the world
The pediatrician told how you should behave if you get measles
Measles is a viral disease that was once a serious problem for children around the world. Despite advances in vaccination, this disease remains a serious threat, especially to unvaccinated children and adults. Pediatric infectious disease specialist Irina Kuryanova told URA.RU about the main characteristics of measles, its symptoms, complications and prevention methods.
What is measles and how is it spread
Measles is caused by a virus from the paramyxovirus family. This is a highly contagious disease that is transmitted through airborne droplets.
«Если говорить о заразности, то поверьте, вирус очень липуч. Если непривитый человек будет находиться в одном помещении с больным, то почти со стопроцентной вероятностью он заболеет,» — прокомментировала педиатр-инфекционист Ирина Курьянова.
The virus can persist in the air and on surfaces for up to two hours after an infected person leaves the room. This makes measles one of the most contagious diseases in the world.
Symptoms and course of measles
Measles is one of the most contagious diseases in the world. The virus spreads by coughing or sneezing
Photo: Anna Mayorova © URA.RU
The incubation period for measles is 7 to 14 days. The disease begins with cold-like symptoms: high temperature (up to 40 ° C), a running nose, cough And conjunctivitis (red, watery eyes).
“Important symptoms of measles are white spots on the inner surface of the cheeks,” said Dr. Kuryanova. “They appear a day or two before the rash appears and are a clear sign of this disease,” said the expert.
Примерно на третий или пятый день болезни появляется типичная коревая сыпь. Она начинается с лица и постепенно распространяется вниз по телу. Сыпь держится около 5-6 дней, после чего начинает бледнеть и шелушиться.
Measles and rubella, mumps
Measles is often confused with other infectious diseases such as rubella or mumps. However, there are several differences:
Measles and rubella: Although both diseases are accompanied by a rash, with rubella it is less intense and lasts shorter. In addition, rubella is usually milder than measles.
Measles and mumps: Lumps are characterized by inflammation of the parotid salivary glands, which leads to swelling of the cheeks. There is no such symptom with measles.
“It is important to note that all these diseases can be prevented with one measles, mumps and rubella vaccine together,” said Dr. Kuryanova.
Complications of measles
Measles can cause serious problems, especially among children under five years of age and adults over 20 years of age. Among the most common problems are the smallpox, encephalitis (brain inflammation) otitis (inflammation of the middle ear); diarrhea.
“Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is particularly dangerous,” warned Dr. Kuryanova. “This is a rare but fatal disease that can last many years after the illness,” she said.
Prevention and vaccination against measles
Vaccination is the only way to protect against measles
Photo: Vladimir Zhabrikov © URA.RU
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent measles. In Russia, this event is included in the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccination. The first dose of the vaccine is given at 12 months, the second at six years.
“The measles vaccine is extremely safe and very effective,” said Dr. Kuryanova. “Two doses of the vaccine provide almost 100% protection against the disease.”
For adults who were not vaccinated as children or who have not had measles, vaccination is also recommended. This is especially true for people under 35 years of age, as well as those who, as a result of their work, often come into contact with children or travel to regions where measles is high .
Vault handling
There is no specific treatment for measles. Preventive medicine aims to relieve symptoms and prevent complications. It includes bed rest, drinking enough antipyretics, vitamin A (can reduce the severity of the disease).
«При тяжелом течении кори или развитии осложнений может потребоваться госпитализация, но не затягивайте с этим, при первых признаках я настоятельно рекомендую сразу обратиться к врачу», — подытожила доктор Курьянова.
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Measles is a viral disease that was once a serious problem for children around the world. Despite advances in vaccination, this disease remains a serious threat, especially to unvaccinated children and adults. Pediatric infectious disease specialist Irina Kuryanova told URA.RU about the main characteristics of measles, its symptoms, complications and prevention methods. What is measles and how does it spread Measles is caused by a virus from the paramyxovirus family. This is a highly contagious disease that is transmitted through airborne droplets. The virus can persist in the air and on surfaces for up to two hours after an infected person leaves the room. This makes measles one of the most contagious diseases in the world. Symptoms and course of measles The incubation period for measles is from 7 to 14 days. The disease begins with cold-like symptoms: high fever (up to 40 ° C), runny nose, cough and conjunctivitis (red, watery eyes). “Important symptoms of measles are white spots on the inner surface of the cheeks,” said Dr. Kuryanova. “They appear a day or two before the rash appears and are a clear sign of this disease,” said the expert. Measles and rubella, mumps Measles is often confused with infections other infectious diseases such as rubella or mumps. However, there are several differences: Measles and rubella: Although both diseases have a rash, with rubella it is less severe. and lasts shorter. In addition, rubella is usually milder than measles and mumps: A lump is characterized by inflammation of the parotid glands, which lead to swelling of the cheeks. There is no such symptom with measles. “It is important to note that all these diseases can be prevented with one vaccine. Measles, mumps and rubella together,” said Dr. Kuryanova. Complications of Measles Measles can cause serious complications, especially among children under five years of age and adults over 20 years of age. Among the most common problems are pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear), and diarrhea. “Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is particularly dangerous,” warned Dr. Kuryanova. “This is a rare but fatal disease that can occur several years after the illness,” she said. Measles Prevention and Vaccination The most effective way to prevent measles is through vaccination. Measles prevention. In Russia, this event is included in the National Vaccination Calendar. The first dose of the vaccine is given at 12 months at six years. “The measles vaccine is extremely safe and very effective,” said Dr. Kuryanova. “Two doses of the vaccine provide almost 100% protection against the disease.” For adults who were not vaccinated as children or who have not had measles, vaccination is also recommended. This is especially true for people under the age of 35, as well as those who, due to their work, frequent contact with children or travel to regions where measles is high.Measles treatment There is no specific treatment for measles Prevention aims to relieve symptoms and prevent complications. It includes bed rest, drinking enough antipyretics, vitamin A (can reduce the severity of the disease).
2024-11-07 17:56:00
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