In the Battle of Humen on January 7, 1841, the Qing navy and the British navy fought fiercely at Chuanbi Bay. (Image source: Public domain) Looking at Chinese websites, it is prohibited to create mirror websites.
1.Preface
The British philosopher Francis Bacon (1561-1626) once said a famous saying: “Reading history makes you wise.” China is the only country in the world that has a continuous and accurate history. Its five thousand years of history record the changes of dynasties. If the Chinese civilization can last for five thousand years, then there must be a powerful force to maintain morality behind it. The Chinese nation has also encountered many hardships. Especially in modern times, internal and external troubles have continued one after another. It is forbidden to create mirror websites on Chinese websites.
What we have been taught since childhood is that without the Communist Party, there would be no new China. Is this really the case? We can look to history for answers.
2.1 The First Opium War (1839∼1842)
During the reign of Emperor Daoguang, the 8th emperor of the Qing Dynasty, an event that had a profound impact on modern Chinese history occurred, namely the 1839 Humen Smoking Campaign. Since 1759, the East India Company established by the British in India has been doing business with China. The Chinese sold them silk, tea and handicrafts, which were very popular among Europeans. But we didn’t buy from Europe, so the trade wasn’t equitable, so the East India Company sold opium to China.
Later, Lin Zexu believed that many people smoking opium would deplete the country’s wealth and make the army lose its combat effectiveness. He hated the foreigners’ opium for making the Qing Dynasty’s silver. At his suggestion, Emperor Daoguang appointed him as the imperial envoy responsible for destroying opium. At that time, China lacked experience in interacting with foreign countries, and many practices were worthy of discussion. British businessmen asked Queen Victoria to send troops, and the Opium War broke out in 1840.
The result of the war was the defeat of the Qing court. In 1842, the two sides signed the “Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing” in Nanjing. The Qing government compensated the British 21 million taels of silver, opened five trade ports of Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo and Shanghai, and also ceded Hong Kong.
After the Opium War, the Qing court did not pay attention to the European powers, believing that occasional defeats could be solved by paying indemnities.
2.2 Taiping Rebellion (1851∼1864)
Shortly after the First Opium War ended, in 1851, Hong Xiuquan rebelled. Although its power was small at the beginning, it quickly expanded and captured Nanjing. He renamed Nanjing “Tianjing”, called himself “King of Heaven”, and established the “Taiping Heavenly Kingdom” regime, which was defeated by Zeng Guofan in 1864.
Taiping Rebellion. (Image source: Public domain)
2.3 The Second Opium War (October 1856 to October 1860)
At the same time as the Tianping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the Second Opium War broke out from 1856 to 1860. The British and French forces invaded Beijing. Emperor Xianfeng fled to Rehe and died of illness there. At this time, the Qing court was experiencing constant internal and external troubles.
2.3.1 Burning of Old Summer Palace (October 1860)
After the British and French forces entered Beijing, they burned the Old Summer Palace, which dealt a heavy blow to the Qing government and the royal gardens were burned. At the same time, Tsarist Russia took the opportunity to invade and occupied more than one million square kilometers of territory north of Heilongjiang and east of the Ussuri River, and signed the “Aihun Treaty” and the “Beijing Treaty” with China.
2.4 Illumination Gang
The official propaganda through film, television, education, etc. about the invasion of Western powers in China’s modern history tells us not to forget our national humiliation, leading many Chinese people to believe that the great powers are bad. I firmly believe in the CCP’s proposition of “falling behind will be beaten” and “being a technologically powerful nation”.
In fact, Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty ushered in the prosperous age of Kangxi and Qianlong that lasted for 130 years. Some scholars believe that the “prosperous age of Kangxi and Qianlong” should be said to be the “prosperous age of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong”, referring to the three emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. During Qianlong’s reign, Europe and the United States underwent tremendous changes. The American War of Independence in 1776 and the French Revolution in 1789 had a profound impact. They not only overturned the traditional social order, but also started a mob carnival. In addition, the industrial revolution in the West at the end of the 18th century increased people’s dependence on materials and technology, resulting in a loss of faith in modern society and a decline in human morality.
People did not expect that those who violated China and destroyed Chinese culture were those working with the Communist Party, and those who imported opium to China were the British East India Company controlled by the Illuminati Gang.
According to systematic research by scholars such as historian James Billington, the Communist Party originated from the Bavarian Order of the Illuminati in Bavaria, Germany in the 18th century. The leader of the Illuminati, Adam Weishaupt (1748-1830), was a Followers of the Devil’s Cult, believe in Satan Lucifer (Lucifer). The “Justice Alliance” is a peripheral organization infiltrated and controlled by the Illuminati Gang. In June 1847, the “League of the Just” held its first general meeting in London and announced that it would be renamed the “Communist League”. In November of the same year, the Communist League “commissioned” Marx and Engels to write a manifesto. On February 21 of the following year, the “Communist Manifesto” was published, and the communist movement began to rise.
The Illuminati Gang’s program and the doctrine of “the end justifies the means” were inherited by the Communist Party. For example, the “Communist Manifesto” declares: “Communists do not bother to conceal their views and intentions. They openly declare that their goals can only be achieved by violent overthrow of the entire existing social system.” Lenin once said that we must use all tricks, Conspiracy and other means, and cover up the truth.
Everyone has noticed the time point: the first Opium War was in 1840, and the “Communist Manifesto” was written between the first and second wars, when the prototype of the French Communist Party had begun to take shape. Since then, the French Communist Party has frequently held international conferences and launched violent proletarian movements in an attempt to destroy traditional culture and carry out revolution. With the expansion of communism, China experienced a series of foreign invasions, and the Qing government was forced to sign humiliating treaties, with the shadows of France, Germany, and Britain visible behind them.
3. The Westernization Movement, the Sino-Japanese War of 1898-1898, and the Reform Movement of 1898
3.1 Westernization Movement (1861～1894)
After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, Cixi’s son Emperor Tongzhi succeeded to the throne. At this time, Empress Dowager Cixi and Empress Dowager Ci’an, as well as assertive ministers such as Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang, and others believed that it was impossible to fight the West without improving the level of industry and weapons. Therefore, the Westernization Movement began in 1860, which mainly focused on the introduction of utensils and cultural independence, focusing on military industry and heavy industry, with the goal of “strengthening the military and enriching the country.” The Qing government began to lay railways and build factories to produce advanced weapons. At the same time, four armored fleets of the Beiyang, Nanyang, Fujian and Guangdong navies were established. At that time, the tonnage and displacement of Qing warships ranked first in Asia. However, it suffered a major setback in 1894, the Sino-Japanese War of 1894.
3.2 Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War (July 1894 to April 1895)
After the Meiji Restoration, Japan also developed its military and invaded Korea in order to expand its living space. Because Korea was a vassal state of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government went to war with Japan. As a result, the Qing army was defeated and all warships were destroyed by Japan. Finally, the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed, ceding Taiwan and paying compensation of 200 million taels of silver. The Chinese used to look down on Japan. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Japan sent envoys from the Tang Dynasty to learn from us. But now they are defeated by Japan. This war is a pain in the hearts of the Chinese people.
3.3 The Reform Movement of 1898, also known as the Hundred Days Reform (1898)
After the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, civilian forces emerged. Intellectuals and people from all over the country initiated a “public petition” (according to the explanation in “Cihai”), in April 1895, after the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Li Hongzhang went to Japan to sign the “Treaty of Shimonoseki”, triggering nationwide opposition. On May 2, Kang Youwei He and more than 1,300 Juren submitted a letter in Beijing, proposing to refuse to sign the contract, move the capital to fight the war, and reform to strengthen the country. Because the government used public carriages and horses to transport the candidates, “official vehicles” were used to refer to the candidates for the exam. This was the “public letter”. “The origin is also the prelude to the Reform Movement of 1898). They asked the Qing government to reform and learn advanced political and educational systems from the West, which pioneered the practice of private political inquiry. Everyone believed that the introduction of artifacts from the Westernization Movement alone was not enough, and that the system also needed to be reformed, so the Reform Movement of 1898 began.
On June 11, 1898, Emperor Guangxu promulgated the “Edict to Decide the Country”, announcing reforms and system improvements. In the early days, the Empress Dowager Cixi supported the Reform Movement of 1898, but some things were too radical. Cixi was worried that her power would be threatened, that the Han people in power would harm the interests of the Manchus, and that China would be controlled by Japan and Britain. In addition, Tan Sitong tried to kidnap Cixi during a military parade in Tianjin, but the plan was exposed. Cixi launched a coup and imprisoned Emperor Guangxu in Yingtai. The Reform Movement of 1898 failed and lasted only more than 100 days, so it was also called the “Hundred Days Reform.” Emperor Guangxu also lost power.
Emperor Guangxu. (Image source: Public domain)
4. The establishment of the Constitution of the Qing Dynasty and the Revolution of 1911
4.1 The establishment and demise of the Qing Dynasty (1908∼1911)
Despite the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, calls for reform are still rising. Emperor Guangxu issued an edict to reform the education system, sent overseas students to Europe and the United States, and founded the Capital University in Beijing, the predecessor of today’s Peking University. Although the country is changing, the people and foreign countries hope for more thorough reforms, especially the path of constitutional monarchy in the political system. (Constitutional monarchy is a national system relative to monarchical dictatorship; it establishes people’s sovereignty, limits the power of the monarch, and realizes republican ideals in affairs through constitution-making on the premise of retaining the monarchy but does not adopt a republican form of government. Characteristically, the head of state is a monarch).
The Qing Dynasty established its constitution in 1908, and promulgated the “Outline of the Imperial Constitution” in preparation for taking the road of constitutional government. But this is very different from the Western constitution. This constitution focuses on protecting the monarch’s power rather than restricting it. It makes it clear that the emperor rules absolutely, although it also grants some civil rights. Less than half a year after the “Outline of the Imperial Constitution” was promulgated, Cixi passed away and Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, came to the throne.
At this time, the people were impatient for reform. From the Westernization Movement in 1860 to the Reform Movement of 1898 to the Qing Constitution in 1908, after the introduction of artifacts and institutional reforms, including the promulgation of the Constitution, everyone still feels that progress is slow. So in 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out, overthrowing the imperial system and establishing Asia’s first republic, the Republic of China. It marked the end of the Qing Dynasty and history entered the Republic of China period.
4.2 Revolution of 1911 (October 1911 to February 1912)
The Revolution of 1911 began when the Wuchang Uprising broke out on October 10, 1911 (the year of 1911). At that time, various places responded quickly. By New Year’s Day 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the interim president of the Republic of China. The revolutionary events throughout China during this period were collectively referred to as the “Revolution of 1911” and ended with the abdication of Emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty (because Puyi’s reign was “Xuantong” during his reign). Later, in order to commemorate the Wuchang Uprising, Taiwan, the Republic of China, designated October 10 as National Day.
Some historians have concluded that China’s political system has experienced two major changes. The first time was when Qin Shihuang unified China. Under the feudal system implemented before Qin, the emperor distributed land to the princes, forming a small community bound by blood and family ties. Later, Qin Shihuang established a centralized system and turned China into an empire. This system lasted for more than 2,000 years until the Revolution of 1911. The second change was the Revolution of 1911, which ended the monarchy and moved toward republic. It was the first peaceful transition from autocracy to democracy in human history. The establishment of the Republic of China is considered a milestone in human civilization.
However, after the Revolution of 1911, Chinese society is still experiencing very complex development. On the one hand, the idea of republic is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the people feel that republic is good, and republic is the pursuit of equality; on the other hand, it is the restoration of the imperial system (the restoration of the rules and regulations of the imperial period). All changes in the political system, Chinese mentality, academic culture, economic and social structure are extremely chaotic and complex.
On October 6, the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Yuan Shikai, leader of the Beiyang Army, was elected as the first president of the Republic of China, marking the formal establishment of the Beijing government. This is commonly referred to as the “Beiyang Government” or the “Beijing Government of the Republic of China”.
5.1 New Culture Movement (1915)
Beginning in 1915, the “progressive” political movement in the United States was rising in the international community. Many people did not realize that its roots were communism. Because it adopted a gradual approach, it was more hidden and complex. Not long after American educator John Dewey’s progressive education began to corrode the United States, his Chinese students also returned to China after completing their studies. Taking advantage of the good wishes of the Chinese intellectuals at that time who were eager to find a path to national self-improvement, they lured the Chinese to launch a denial campaign in 1915. The traditional “New Culture Movement”.
The “New Culture Movement” had three main representatives: Hu Shi, a student of Dewey, Chen Duxiu, the founder of the Communist Party of China, and Lu Xun, who was hailed by Mao Zedong as the leader of the Cultural Revolution. In addition, Li Dazhao, another founder of the CCP, also actively participated in this movement in the later period.
The movement uses the shortcomings of Chinese tradition as an excuse, blaming China’s century-old weakness on traditional culture, advocating “overthrowing the Confucian family store”, regarding tradition as “old culture” and Western culture as “new culture”, and through “democracy (Mr. De) )” and “Science (Mr. Sai)” criticize traditional beliefs. They used “New Youth” magazine and Peking University as their bases to attract new intellectuals, spread new ideas, and ultimately influence the entire Chinese society.
This movement paved the way for the fierce “May Fourth” movement that followed, setting off the first wave of subversion of traditional values and laying the foundation for the spread of Western Marxism in China. In education, one of the greatest impacts of the “New Culture Movement” was the “vernacular” movement. Under the initiative of Hu Shi, Chinese language education in primary schools was completely converted to vernacular. Later, most Chinese people had difficulty in reading ancient texts. Traditional classics such as “Zhouyi”, “Spring and Autumn”, “Tao Te Ching” and “Huangdi Neijing” were only the objects of study by scholars. Unlike ordinary students, people cannot understand the profound connotation of China’s glorious five thousand years of civilization.
The May 4th Movement, under the banner of the New Culture Movement, was actually a complete westernization of culture, and then began the extreme revolution, that is, the communist movement. (Image source: Public domain)
5.2 May 4th Movement (May 4, 1919)
On May 4, 1919, young students influenced by the New Culture Movement launched a large-scale demonstration in Beijing. The reason is: As the victor in World War I, China was looking forward to taking back Germany’s right to lease the Shandong Peninsula. However, the Paris Peace Conference transferred sovereignty from Germany to Japan. After the news came out, more than 3,000 students held a massive demonstration to oppose the Beiyang government’s signature at the Paris Peace Conference. Students further united workers and the business community, organizing strikes, strikes, and market strikes, and even took violent actions such as arson and attacks on diplomats.
Today, more than 100 years later, the official propaganda of the May Fourth Movement is that the “patriotic student movement” was launched by “advanced youth” because they could not bear the corruption and darkness of the Beiyang warlords’ rule, and its core spirit is packaged as “love for the party and patriotism.”
Feng Chongyi, a scholar of the history of modern Chinese thought, said that this is a way of diverting domestic conflicts by promoting “nationalism.” Although the Republic of China government had a negative attitude toward student demonstrations, it still allowed them. However, can the current Beijing authorities allow it? Hong Kong commentator Pan Xiaotao pointed out that the official statement mentioned in the speech “to be tolerant of the impulsive or extreme thoughts of some young people” is a typical “saying one thing and doing another”.
China’s May 4th Movement took the New Culture Movement as its banner. It sounded lofty, but in fact it was a complete westernization of culture, and then it started an extreme revolution, that is, the communist movement. Young students are susceptible to the influence of radical ideas and simply deny traditional culture. The “gold mean” advocated by Confucianism is exactly the firewall that blocks all extremism. When this firewall is removed from people’s hearts, extreme ideas like communism can easily gain entry.
6. The establishment of the Communist International and the Communist Party of China
6.1 The Communist International and the Communist Party of China were founded (1921)
Between 1886 and 1890, Lenin in Russia began to come into contact with Marx’s “Das Kapital” and translated the “Communist Manifesto” into Russian. After being imprisoned and exiled, he lived in Western Europe. After returning to Russia, it was during World War I that Lenin incited a revolution, overthrew the Czar, launched the October Revolution of 1917, established the Soviet regime, and became the world’s first a socialist country.
In 1919, Lenin led the establishment of the Communist International (also known as the Third International), which “exported revolution” to the world. He went to various countries to find agents, manipulated these agents to establish communist parties, subverted the legitimate regimes of these countries, and created the foundation for Soviet Russia (Soviet Union). Russia) service.
The Communist Party of the United States was founded in 1919. In 1920, Soviet Russia established the Far East Secretariat of the Communist International. Shumiatsky and Vejingsky, two Soviet people, were responsible for the formation of the Communist Party of China. On July 23, 1921, under the organization of Nikolsky and Marin, the Communist Party of China was formally established. The CCP educates people that “the blast of the October Revolution brought us Marxism-Leninism.” In fact, it is a branch of the Communist International and was a traitorous party from the beginning.
Marx, the founder of the Communist Party, believed in Christianity in his early years and later joined Satanism. Marx wrote in the Communist Manifesto, the first programmatic document of the Communist Party: “A ghost, the ghost of communism, is wandering in Europe.” Many scholars in Europe have done a lot of research on Marx, and his letters, articles and A large amount of evidence was left in the manuscript. In the play “Oulanem”, Marx admitted that he had signed a contract with Satan and cursed all mankind to hell.
This is not just a script. From the beginning of communism until now, it has been accompanied by killings and turmoil. Since Lenin established the first communist regime, the Soviet Union, it has caused the abnormal deaths of tens of millions of people in the Soviet Union. . In 1991, the socialist camp headed by the former Soviet Union collapsed, and the nearly century-old Communist International movement failed.
Bacon has a famous saying: “Reading history makes you wise.” (Image source: Public domain)
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