Libyan-American relations between past tragedies and future ambitions (Part Two)

Third stop
The sterility of politics
With the end of the monarchy on September 1, 1969, and the junior officers taking control of the reins of power, the standards of the relationship between the two countries changed, and the new regime became hostile to the United States of America and Britain, in harmony with the growing popular demands to get rid of the colonialism that had controlled the reins of power in Libya since its independence. The privileges were considered Which the monarchy of America and Britain gave him a title and a way to prove the sincerity of his orientations.
Negotiations began between the two countries to evacuate American and British bases from Libya.
The negotiations resulted in the departure of all American soldiers and military equipment from Libya, in a qualitative shift in relations between the two countries, which will have an afterlife between containment and hostility.

It seems at first glance that the new revolutionary regime in Libya will not be a reliable ally of the United States of America, and this was clear from the first appearance of its leaders on television, which undoubtedly shows hostility towards America and Britain, and the bias of its leaders towards the issues of liberation from Western influence on the capabilities of the nation. The new leaders demonstrated the seriousness and legitimacy of their demands through the policies that were followed in this context and practical decisions that demonstrated the general orientation of the new regime.

The orientations of the new leaders were not surprising to all observers of political affairs. The tendency to be free from influence and get rid of aspects of colonial control represents the opinion of the majority of the peoples of the Arab region, and the new regime is not far from this prevailing liberal wave, but the policies that were pursued were not appropriate and far from the visions. Conscious management of international policies that depend on understanding, exchanging interests, respecting the sovereignty of states, and ensuring non-interference in their affairs, and that these policies be of the appropriateness that guarantees their acceptance by the other party smoothly, free of mistrust that lies between their lines.

The previous regime was unable to deal calmly with the new developments that were the backbone of its clear anti-Western policies and opened the doors to cooperation with their traditional enemy (Russia). Its steps to arm Russia were not hidden from anyone. Rather, it went beyond that to practicing a policy of revolutionary fission through its support of national liberation movements. In many parts of the world in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, this is a worrying matter for the West and the United States in particular, and it has raised the ire of America, which has become convinced of the necessity of fighting this regime and working to overthrow it, using all the means available to it.

1- In February 1973, American military build-ups began near Libyan territorial waters and the presence of the American Sixth Fleet near the Libyan shores.
2- On January 13, 1986, George Shultz, US Secretary of State, announced that the Reagan administration would send a senior American envoy on a visit to Europe, in an attempt to urge European governments to impose economic sanctions against Libya in the precise sense of the word (sanctions), and the American envoy is General Vernon Walters, its ambassador to the United Nations and a friend of Israel during the Reagan administration.
3- On January 26, 1986, the US Navy vessels of the US Sixth Fleet and other American warships continued their naval and air military maneuvers off the Libyan coast in the Mediterranean Sea for the fifth day in a row. These provocative maneuvers began at midnight on Friday, January 21, 1986. Until 1/24/1986.
4- On February 8, 1986, the US Department of War (the Pentagon) announced the return of its military maneuvers in which the naval and air forces participated off the Libyan Arab coast. American aircraft carriers, such as (Qual C and Saratoga), also participated.
5- Starting on April 13, 1986, American warplanes continued to arrive at the Sigonella military base in southern Italy, and the port of Xifuno on the island of Sicily witnessed a large gathering of American warships. The United States also transferred more aircraft and military equipment to Its bases are in Britain, ready to launch an aggressive attack on Libya at any time.
The British newspaper “The Sunday Times” revealed on April 13, 1986 that the US War Department had transferred ten “C” aircraft, which supply fuel to aircraft in the air, to Britain’s “F-111” fighter bomber, in its approaching aggression against Libya.
6- April 15, 1986 was the most prominent moment of conflict and tension between the United States and Libya. On the night of that day, American forces launched a sudden attack on Colonel Gaddafi’s house, and a number of his family were injured. Since morning, American aircraft continued to bomb residential neighborhoods with aircraft. The bombing resulted in the death of dozens of civilians, and three American aircraft were shot down, according to Libyan data.
(The Soviet Union had withdrawn its forces from the Libyan shores hours before the aggression, in clear collusion with the United States).
The previous regime was not satisfied with these trends that were disturbing to America, but Israeli intelligence showed that the Libyan regime was seeking nuclear weapons in cooperation with the father of the Pakistani nuclear bomb, Abdul Qadir Khan, which America confirmed and was dismantled and handed over to the United States of America in the first acquiescence of the new revolutionary regime to the demands of the largest power in the country. The world, which is considered additional evidence that the Gaddafi regime is a source of concern, and this was evident by accusing Libya of bombing a Berlin club, the incident of the British policewoman in front of the Libyan embassy in London, and the Pan Am plane bombing over Lockerbie, in which Muammar Gaddafi’s regime submitted to American dictates and handed over The defendants were referred to the Scottish judiciary for trial, and Libya was forced to settle this file, according to American conditions, after paying unjust compensation for the Lockerbie victims, despite the weakness of the evidence of Libya’s responsibility for this incident, and the American and Libyan parties signed a settlement agreement on 8/4/2008. And to confirm what was stated in accordance with the presidential order from President (George Bush No. 13477 issued on 10/31/2008 to close this file), except that the United States returned again to open the file and force Libya to hand over Libyan citizens to be tried for the same facts, the first of whom was the citizen (Abu Ajila Masoud), who is now being tried in America in violation of the terms of the agreement concluded between the two countries, which confirms that the United States has not abandoned its old dream of controlling the Libyan shores, which was delayed for more than 200 years, and these are only preludes to implementing the policy of controlling Libya and achieving… The dream, which was delayed for more than two centuries, was achieved through different means than before, taking politics as its title.

Fourth stop
The revolution of February 17, 2011 was nothing but a combination of the people’s suffering over 42 years of futile political experiments that depended on the suppression of freedoms, the absence of the rule of law, and the exaggeration in silencing all voices calling for freedom or democracy at home and abroad, and perhaps the massacre of Abu Salim prisoners, the assassination of political opponents abroad, and the silencing of all voices calling for freedom or democracy at home and abroad. Mouths that dream of developing life like the rest of the countries of the world amid an atmosphere of political terror and the voice of a single leader with whom no one participates in governance, despite the huge potential of the Libyan state in terms of oil and gas, which were spent in the wrong place at home and abroad, which deprived the Libyans of development, development and integration. With countries that develop every day without realizing that humanity is developing in all life requirements based on cultivating a climate of freedom and democracy. According to governing constitutional documents that guarantee the peaceful transfer of power, the protection of human rights, the rule of law, and the equitable distribution of human development, especially since the last periods of the rule of the previous regime were characterized by the widening of the circle of financial, administrative, and political corruption, which has become an essential source of thought about any change to the political system. Although the blatant suppression of opinion-makers has become a symbol of the change that is being led, in its general terms, by international powers that have planted their influence in the pillars of the regime among those who cooperate with them, and have emptied the supporters of the former regime of all the means that would guarantee them the leadership of an effective resistance in which force is mixed with politics, in addition to that is the size of the international mobilization in support. To overthrow the existing authority at that time in accordance with UN Security Council resolutions that began imposing a no-fly zone on Libyan airspace, as well as training and supplying the February 17, 2011 revolutionaries with their weapons needs and logistical tools that would ensure their monitoring and communication with the political and military wings of the forces of the countries intervening in the conflict on Libyan territory to overthrow. the system.

The February 17 revolutionaries demonstrated rare courage to achieve the goals of the revolution, and they were not discouraged by the power of the previous regime and its destructive weapons, which international intervention contributed to limiting their destructive capacity, which created a suitable climate for the United States of America to make the February 17, 2011 revolution the title through which it could be achieved. The American dream from 1801 onwards, which aims to secure the American presence on the southern shores of the Mediterranean Sea, of which Libya occupies approximately two thousand kilometers. In addition, virgin Libya is considered a virgin country that has not witnessed real development for nearly half a century. .

Consequently, it has become clear that the United States found its goal in this political change that ended the previous regime, which all its intelligence and military agencies worked on in order to create the necessary conditions for change under the guise of the international community by adhering to resolutions issued by the UN Security Council to achieve its hidden ambitions that were in harmony with international intervention. In Libya, which led to the destruction of decent infrastructure over half a century, as well as the end of the state through the destruction of its security and military components, these are results calculated by the United States and its allies, through which it was achieved to give the United States a position and a role in its regional environment through its military and logistical presence on the Libyan territories.

Despite the importance of political stability for Libya, all the countries intervening in Libyan affairs did not stop adopting all means to ensure the continuation of the state of chaos, armament, and political division under the cover of international delegates who flocked to Libya over a period of twelve years and obstructing any sign of a political solution among the Libyans, and the most important of them were those associated with With American policies, or those selected by the American embassy in Libya, led by Stephanie Williams, who used all alternatives so that the Libyan people would not achieve their will and exercise their constitutional right to referendum on the draft constitution that was drafted directly after the election of the Constitution Drafting Body in accordance with Law No. (17 of 2013). Its work on April 14, 2014, and its reception of more than sixteen thousand participants from civil society, cultural, and linguistic components, and its success in weaving the most important constitutional consensus with the help of many international organizations, led by the “American Bar Association,” the “German DRI,” and the “Peacemakers.” In cooperation with the European University, it was able to ratify the draft constitution on 7/29/2017 by a percentage exceeding 97% of those attending the voting session (44 members), one vote abstained from ratification, and voted in favor of the draft constitution, and (43) votes exceeded what was constitutionally required, and ( 41 votes out of (58) the total number of members of the body, which was not acceptable to the United Nations mission and the American delegates who worked to create alternatives for the Libyan people under the pretext of the inappropriateness of its content because it included conditions for assuming the presidency that they did not like without submitting it to a popular referendum.

Which has kept Libya to this day in a state of division, which has led to the spread of corruption, chaos, and violation of human rights, which is normal for what American policies in Libya led to when American policies turned a blind eye to the right of the Libyan people to achieve a democratic transition through the ballot box, and not by constructing… On the whims of the delegates or the snitches of the political adventurers who continue to carry out their work to this day in the House of Representatives and the state with international blessing, led by the United States of America.

The United States of America in particular and the subsequent interveners in the Libyan affairs and the countries that orbit it under different names need to reconsider their policies regarding Libya and work to establish democracy and enable the Libyan people to achieve their will and work to establish strategic relations with this rising country, in the service of For international peace and security and to achieve constructive cooperation based on establishing security, peace, joint cooperation, combating terrorism, and respecting the sovereignty of states on their territorial borders.

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