Japan is very popular with Hong Kong people, but when traveling to Japan recently, you should pay attention to the surge in cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) in Japan. Only two of the 47 prefectures in the country have not had any cases of infection, and the cause is dangerous. Bacterial pathogen, but the cause is unknown. It is said that the bacteria may cause serious illness, with a fatality rate of up to 30% for patients over 30 years old.
According to the British “Guardian” report, data from Japan’s National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) showed that Japan reported 941 cases of toxic shock syndrome last year. In the first two months of this year, 378 cases have been diagnosed. Among Japan’s 47 prefectures , only 2 cases did not appear.
The disease is caused by infection with Group A Streptococcus. The risk is generally higher in older patients, but the number of deaths among people under 50 years old has recently increased. Japanese official data shows that many of the deaths were among people under 50 years old. A total of 65 patients under the age of 50 were infected between July and December 2023, of whom 21 died.
Infection with Group A Streptococcus can cause sore throat, mostly in children. Many people will not get sick after contracting the disease, but in some cases it can cause severe illness, complications, and even death. The mortality rate for adults over 30 years old is as high as 30%.
Experts believe that the large outbreak of cases last year may be due to the fact that the new coronavirus has dropped to the same level as influenza, and people have relaxed their epidemic prevention vigilance. The route of Streptococcus infection is the same as that of COVID-19, also through droplets, physical contact, wounds on hands and feet, etc. Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare calls on people to take basic hygiene precautions, including keeping their hands clean.
According to the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, invasive diseases caused by group A streptococci include pneumonia, bacteremia, myositis, necrotizing fasciitis, arthritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, sepsis, etc. Toxic shock syndrome is the occurrence of hypotension combined with at least two or more organ dysfunctions, including: abnormal renal function, abnormal liver function, low platelets or disseminated intravascular coagulation, rash, acute respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing Fasciitis/necrotizing myositis.
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Editor in charge: Luo Jiaxin
2024-03-17 00:44:10
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