Syphilis Cases Surge: The Alarming Lack of Public Awareness
Syphilis is on the rise, and experts are expressing their concern over the lack of public awareness surrounding this sexually transmitted infection (STI). Despite the seriousness of the situation, many individuals seem unfazed, engaging in sexual activities without taking adequate precautions. This apathy towards syphilis has contributed to the surge in cases, which have reached their highest level since 1950, according to a report released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Dr. Peter Leone, a professor of medicine at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine’s Division of Infectious Diseases, emphasizes the importance of recognizing syphilis as a significant health issue. He states, “It is a big deal, and it’s a big deal because there are consequences that I think people forget.” However, from a patient’s perspective, syphilis often falls off the radar.
In 2022, a total of 207,255 cases of syphilis were reported in the United States, representing a 16.9% increase compared to the previous year. Particularly alarming is the rise in congenital syphilis, which occurs when a mother with syphilis passes the infection to her baby during pregnancy. Cases of congenital syphilis increased by 30.6%, with over 3,700 reported cases in 2022.
So why aren’t more people talking about syphilis? Experts speculate that after years of COVID-19 precautions, individuals may be experiencing fatigue around worrying about infections. Dr. Ana Cepin, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, suggests that a new infection may not sound as scary as COVID-19. However, this attitude is misguided as syphilis can have severe consequences if left untreated.
Untreated syphilis can affect the brain and nervous system, leading to dementia, tinnitus, and, in severe cases, death. Dr. Peter Leone has observed an increase in permanent vision impairment, including total blindness, resulting from untreated syphilis. These consequences highlight the importance of addressing syphilis and taking appropriate precautions.
Debby Herbenick, a professor at the Indiana University School of Public Health, explains that there can be a psychological block when it comes to thinking about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Many individuals find it difficult to see themselves as someone who could potentially get infected, even if they are aware of the prevalence of STIs. This is especially true for syphilis, which disproportionately impacts men who have sex with men.
Dr. Jon McGarry, the chief medical officer at MISTR, suggests that the widespread use of PrEP, a medication that reduces HIV infections from sex by up to 99%, may have led to riskier sexual behavior among this population, contributing to the higher rate of syphilis. However, it is crucial to remember that anyone can contract syphilis. In 2022, approximately 28% of syphilis cases were infectious forms of the disease, with women and heterosexual men accounting for a significant portion of reported cases.
To combat the surge in syphilis cases, experts recommend regular STI screenings, the use of barriers such as condoms, and knowing your partner’s STI status. While apathy is not the answer, neither is severe anxiety. Finding a balance between caution and anxiety is essential. Low levels of anxiety can prompt individuals to take action and practice safe sex, while high levels of anxiety can hinder dating and intimacy. Seeking support from counselors or therapists can be beneficial for those struggling with anxiety related to syphilis.
In conclusion, the surge in syphilis cases is a cause for concern, yet many individuals remain unaware or unconcerned about this STI. It is crucial to raise public awareness about the consequences of syphilis and encourage individuals to take appropriate precautions. By prioritizing regular screenings, using barriers during sexual activities, and being aware of one’s partner’s STI status, we can work towards reducing the spread of syphilis and protecting our sexual health.
