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Natural Sciences and Technology. Illustration source: PEXELS/Anthony
NANO MATERIALS: EXPLORING THE WORLD OF MATERIALS
Introduction
In an era of rapid technological progress, the world of materials is increasingly expanding to a smaller dimension: nano. Nanomaterials, or nanometer-scale materials, open the door to unique properties and revolutionary applications. This article will examine what nano materials are, how they are made, and their various innovative applications.
What are Nano Materials?
Nano materials refer to materials that have sizes or dimensions on the nanometer scale, namely less than 100 nanometers. One nanometer is equivalent to one billion parts of one meter. At this scale, materials experience drastic changes in properties and behavior compared to their macroscopic form. The two main categories of nano materials are nano particles and nano structures.
Nanoparticles: The Foundation of the Materials Revolution
Nanoparticles are grains of material with nanoscale size, and they can consist of various types of materials, such as metals, ceramics, or polymers. One of the main methods of manufacturing is the chemical reduction technique, where chemicals are used to convert chemical compounds into small particles. The result is a material with a high surface area, which provides unique characteristics, such as better electrical conductivity or different optical properties.
Nanostructures: Foundations of Materials Innovation
Nanostructuring, on the other hand, involves manipulating materials at the atomic or molecular level to create new structures with desired properties. Techniques such as nanotechnology and self-assembly enable the formation of nanostructures with high precision. Examples include carbon nanotubes, which have extraordinary strength and conductivity, as well as graphene, which is a single sheet of carbon with a wide range of applications.
Nano Material Manufacturing Process
Various methods are used to make nanomaterials. Physical methods include techniques such as lithography and deposition, in which material is etched or placed layer by layer. Chemical methods, such as sol-gel synthesis, involve chemical changes from a solution into a solid, producing nanostructures. Biological methods are also increasingly developing, with the use of organisms such as bacteria to synthesize nanomaterials.
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2024-01-28 14:24:54
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