First of all, what are “quantum entanglement” and “quantum teleportation”?
First of all, what are “quantum entanglement” and “quantum teleportation”? / Credit:Canva . Nazology Editorial Department
Security is extremely important when transmitting information over long distances.
In traditional communication methods, information is expressed as two types of signals (1s and 0s), which are transmitted to the destination via electrical wires or optical fibers.
However, by introducing the principles of quantum mechanics into communications, each time we increase the number of qubits, we can increase the number of usable signal patterns from two, making it possible to send more information faster and more securely.
A typical method is “quantum teleportation” using “quantum entanglement”.
Quantum teleportation uses particles in a state of quantum entanglement, and takes advantage of the property of quantum mechanics that any operation performed on one particle will immediately affect the other particle.
However, for many people, it may be difficult to visualize it with words alone.
Therefore, we will first consider the mechanism using a primitive information transmission method as an example.
The most primitive way to convey information in an instant is to use long boards or sticks.
For example, when using a long and narrow board, if you make an arrangement that the back side is used when the prey bird cannot be seen, and the front side when the bird is visible, the observer (sender) can notify the hunter (sender) at a distance when a bird has appeared. This allows you to inform the recipient quickly and quietly.
If you think about this communication method in a slightly more complicated way, you will notice that there is a fixed relationship behind the scenes, where if the sender side is front, the receiver side is also head, “if one side is 〇〇, the other is 〇〇.
In quantum entanglement, this fixed relationship, “If one side is 〇〇, the other is 〇〇, is formed not between the ends of a thin long plate, but between two entangled particles.
One two is split into two entangled photons / Credit: Canva . Nazology Editorial Department
For example, if you split light into a special crystal, you could create two entangled particles, one shaking vertically and the other shaking horizontally.
However, at this time, there is no information in the universe about whether the vertical or horizontal light goes to the left or right until it is observed.
All that exists is an invisible thread that connects the tangle of relationships: “If one is vertical, the other is horizontal.”
Let’s consider this strange phenomenon in a case where one of the lovers goes to Hokkaido and the other goes to Kyushu.
Then, the rule that “If one person is a man, the other person will be a woman” exists as an invisible thread, and for people who exist in Hokkaido and Kyushu, gender information is hidden in the universe until it is observed. This means that they exist in a state where they are neither male nor female.
Using humans as an example makes things seem strange, but in the quantum world where everyday common sense does not apply, this understanding is more correct.
But this is just the beginning.
It may seem a little ridiculous to say that there is no information in the universe until we observe it, but numerous experimental results have shown that this interpretation is correct / Credit: Canva . Nazology Editorial Department
Truly strange phenomena begin to occur as soon as observations are made.
At the moment of observation, a change occurs in the light that was neither vertical nor horizontal, and it is reborn as either (vertical light in the figure).
The information that one light (on the right) has been reborn as a vertically swaying light is as if it were instantly teleported to the other light (on the left in the diagram) through an invisible thread of relationship that connects the two lights. The light on the left side is reconfigured as horizontally swaying light.
The result itself is the same as common sense in everyday life: “If the light on the right side oscillates vertically, the light on the left side oscillates horizontally.”
However, the fact that “information only appears through observation” and the process by which information that one has been observed instantly teleports and reconstructs the characteristics of the other light are far from common sense. Thing.
Furthermore, theoretically, even if the distance between the right and left sides is the edge of the galaxy, the information that we observed on the right side will be instantaneously transmitted to the left side through an invisible thread, causing the reconstruction of the light. .
To be honest, some people may think that it’s hard to believe or that it’s a lie.
(*Please refer to the article below for detailed information on the mechanisms of quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation.)
Easy-to-understand explanation of the Nobel Prize in Physics “Quantum Entanglement”
However, just because something is counterintuitive doesn’t mean it’s a lie.
Since the discovery of quantum entanglement, countless experiments have been conducted, and the results have shown that this counterintuitive phenomenon is real.
Therefore, researchers at the University of the Witwatersrand decided to actually transfer image data using this teleportation mechanism.
#Succeeded #teleporting #image #information #physically #transmitting #Nazology
2023-12-28 08:00:30