Content ● Introduction [ver].
● Evolution of IMD in Spain between the 2010-11 and 2022-23 seasons, according to the different serogroups. Impact of the covid pandemic and the withdrawal of containment measures [ver].
● Evolution of the EMI in the current season, 2022-23 [ver] | Rates according to serogroups and age groups | Number of cases and rates according to autonomous communities | Rates according to serogroups and autonomous communities.
● IMD due to serogroup B in the last five seasons (from 2018-19 to 2022-23) [ver] | Number of cases and rates at the end of each of the last five seasons
● Final observations [ver].
● More information on this website, bibliographic references and recommended links [ver]. In a nutshell ● Data on IMD cases and rates in Spain at the end of the 2022-23 season are shown. They are compared with those published from previous seasons.
● After the decrease in cases in the first two seasons coinciding with the covid pandemic, a growing trend of IMD has begun – and is maintained – at the same time as the decrease in covid cases.
● At the national level, until week 25/2023, the rate (cases per 100·000) of IMD by any serogroup has been 0.47, while in the previous season it was 0.21 cases per 100·000.
● The highest rate of IMD for all serogroups corresponds to children under 1 year of age, with 6.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (3.35 in the previous season, 2021-22), with serogroup B being the predominant one. with great difference in this age group.
● The IMD rates for serogroups W and Y have been 0.05 and 0.04, respectively (and were 0.01, in both cases, in the previous season).
● All autonomous communities have already undertaken, in 2023, the vaccination of children under one year of age against serogroup B.
● The CAV-AEP highlights the importance of not delaying this vaccination, especially the doses at 2 and 4 months of age.
Introduction
The epidemiological season of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) 2022-23 began in week 41/2022 (October 10, 2022) and ended in week 40/2023 (October 2, 2023). The figures, still provisional, for the incidence of IMD at the end of the 2022-23 season are presented here..
On this website, the intermediate data was presented last February and, later, in the month of July, about to enter the last weeks of the season. Below is a graphic representation of the provisional data published by the National Center for Epidemiology (CNE, Carlos III Health Institute) through the Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin online (report no. 42 corresponding to week 40/2023) corresponding to week 40/2023. They are compared with data published in previous seasons.
Until December 2022, only five autonomous communities (Andalusia, the Canary Islands, Castilla y León, Catalonia and Galicia) had included universal vaccination against meningococcus serogroup B with 4CMenB (Bexsero) in infants in their first year of life. That same month, December 2022, the Interterritorial Council of the SNS (CISNS) approved the incorporation of this vaccination for infants in all autonomous communities (CC. AA.) at the end of a long period until the end of 2024. However, in this 2023, all CCs. AA. They have already started this vaccination.
Evolution of IMD in Spain between the 2010-11 and 2022-23 seasons, according to the different serogroups. Impact of the covid pandemic and the withdrawal of containment measures
The graph above shows a general overview of the evolution of rates (cases per 100,000 inhabitants) for Spain as a whole between the 2011-12 seasons and the current one, 2022-23, which has already ended. Remarkable data:
The extraordinary impact of the covid pandemic that began in the middle of the 2019-20 meningococcus surveillance season is observed. This phenomenon and its possible causes have been discussed on this website and also by the National Epidemiology Center itself (Soler Soneira M, Bol Epidemiol Sem 2021). After the drop in incidence in 2019-20 and 2020-21, it is observed that in the 2021-22 season there has been a notable increase in the incidence of IMD, a trend that continues until this 2022-23 season. The increasing trend in the incidence of IMD last season and the current one has occurred in parallel with the decrease in the incidence of Covid and the progressive withdrawal of the non-pharmacological containment measures put in place previously. Both events are very likely related, with a cause-effect nature, although it is likely that other factors have also played some role. As data to take into account, it is worth highlighting that the mandatory use of face masks on public transport ended in Spain in February 2023, although the monitoring of this measure on that date was already very irregular and had been withdrawn before in other countries. surrounding countries, and remained in health and social health centers until the beginning of last July.
Evolution of the EMI in the current season, 2022-23
Provisional closing data for the 2022-23 season, according to the Weekly Epidemiological Bulletin online (report no. 42, week 40/2023) of the National Center of Epidemiology (CNE, Carlos III Health Institute).
Rates according to serogroups and age groups
The The highest rate of IMD for all serogroups corresponds to children under 1 year of age., with 6.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (3.35 in the previous season), with serogroup B being the predominant one by far. Next, at a distance, is the group of those over 84 years of age (0.92 cases per 100,000). And then there are the groups of 15-19, 20-24, 1-4 and 10-14 years.
[volver al principio]
Number of cases and rates according to autonomous communities
At the national level, the rate of IMD due to any serogroup (including other serogroups, non-typeable, unknown and suspected) was 0.47 cases per 100,000 (0.21 in the previous season). The image shows the data according to autonomous communities.
[volver al principio]
Rates according to serogroups and autonomous communities
In almost all communities, serogroup B was the predominant one.
IMD due to serogroup B in the last five seasons (from 2018-19 to 2022-23)
The source of the data is the same, mentioned before.
Number of cases and rates at the end of each of the last five seasons
The reduction in cases and rates of IMD due to serogroup B is observed in the first two pandemic seasons (compared to the year before the pandemic), and the increasing trend in the following two. With data from the end of the season, The cases and rates of this season, 2022-23, practically double those of the previous one.
Final remarks
The data published by the CNE show that:
It confirms the increasing trend of incidence of EMI that already began last season, leaving behind the impact of the pandemic (and the associated containment measures). The number of cases and rates are, this season, practically double that of the previous one. This phenomenon has also been observed in neighboring countries (Pasteur Institute, Nov/2023).
Los Children under one year old are the age group with the highest incidence rateand the serogroup B the predominant one, both characteristics as it has been for about two decades. It is worth paying attention to the serogroups W and Y. The IMD rates for these serogroups have been 0.05 and 0.04, respectively (and were 0.01, in both cases, in the previous season). At the beginning of 2023, all the autonomous communities have already undertaken the vaccination against meningococcus B in the first year of life. The vaccination schedule begins at 2 months of age. Due to the special impact of this age group, it is of capital importance not to delay the doses provided for in this schedule (especially those for 2 and 4 months).
-oOo-
More information on this website
Bibliographic references and recommended links
CNE, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute. Weekly online newsletter. CNE, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute. Public Health Surveillance, RENAVE, communicable diseases. CNE, National Center of Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute. Public Health Surveillance, RENAVE, communicable diseases. Meningococcal disease. Institute Pasteur, November 14, 2023. Significant “post-covid” resurgence in invasive meningococcal disease. Soler Soneira M, et al. Meningococcal disease. 2020-2021 season. Was Epidemiol Sem. 2022;30(4):37-44
[volver al principio]
2023-12-04 06:14:17
#Meningococcal #disease #Spain #season
