Santa Barbara CA, Gatra.com- Agriculture in Syria’s Fertile Crescent region began with a huge bang 12,800 years ago when a fragmented comet hit Earth’s atmosphere. The Fertile Crescent, often referred to as the “cradle of civilization,” where the children of Adam settled is a crescent-shaped region in West Asia and North Africa that includes modern countries such as Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and several other countries.
The explosion and the resulting environmental changes forced hunter-gatherers in the prehistoric settlement of Abu Hurairah to adopt agricultural practices to increase their chances of survival. Thereby Space-X04/10.
That’s the statement of a group of international scientists in one of four related research papers in the journal Science Open: Airbursts and Cratering Impacts. The paper is the latest result of an investigation into the Impact Hypothesis Younger Dryas (Youth Drought) the idea that the anomalous cooling of the Earth nearly 13 millennia ago was the result of a cosmic impact.
“There was a shift from moister forest conditions where there were a variety of food sources for hunter-gatherers, to drier and cooler conditions when they could no longer live solely as hunter-gatherers,” said Earth scientist James Kennett, UC Santa professor emeritus Barbara. The settlement at Abu Hurairah is renowned among archaeologists as evidence of the earliest transition from foraging to farming. “The villagers started growing barley, wheat and beans,” he said. “This is what the evidence clearly shows.”
Today, Abu Hurairah and its rich archaeological record lie beneath Lake Assad, a reservoir created by the construction of the Taqba Dam on the Euphrates River in the 1970s. But before this flood, archaeologists managed to extract a lot of material for study.
“Villagers,” the researchers say in the paper, “passed on grains, nuts and other foods in abundant and sustainable quantities.” By studying these layers of remains, scientists can distinguish between types of plants collected on warm, humid days before the climate changed and on cooler, drier days following the onset of what we now know as the cold period. Younger Dryas.
Before the explosion, the researchers found, the diet of prehistoric residents included wild nuts and seeds, as well as small but significant amounts of wild fruits and berries. In the appropriate layers of time after cooling, the fruits and berries disappeared and their diet shifted to grains and legumes of domestic types of lentils, as people experimented with early cultivation methods.
About 1,000 years later, all the Neolithic “early crops” – emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, rye, peas, lentils, chickpeas, and flax – were cultivated in what is now the Fertile Crescent. Drought-tolerant plants, both edible and non-edible, also become more prominent in these records, reflecting a drier climate following the impact of a sudden winter at the onset of the Young Drought.
The evidence also points to significant population decline in the region, and changes in residential architecture that reflect a more agrarian lifestyle, including early farming and other markers of animal domestication.
To be clear, Kennett said, agriculture eventually appeared in several places on Earth in the Neolithic Era, but first appeared in the Levant (now Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine and parts of Turkey) which was triggered by a severe climate. conditions following its impact.
In a 12,800-year-old layer associated with the transition between hunting and gathering and agriculture, records at Abu Hurairah show evidence of large-scale fires. Evidence includes layers of carbon-rich “black mat” with high concentrations of platinum, nanodiamonds, and tiny metal spheres that can only form at very high temperatures – higher than the temperatures human technology could produce at the time.
The blast of air flattened trees and thatched huts, splashing molten glass on cereals and grains, as well as early buildings, tools and animal bones found in the mounds – and likely also on humans. This event is not the only evidence of cosmic air explosions in human settlements. Previous authors reported a smaller but similar event that destroyed the Biblical city of Tall el-Hammam in the Jordan Valley around 1600 BC.
Layers of black mat, nanodiamonds and molten minerals have also been found at around 50 other sites in North and South America and Europe. According to the researchers, this is evidence of a widespread and simultaneous destructive event, consistent with comet fragments hitting the Earth’s atmosphere. The explosions, fires, and subsequent winter impacts, they say, led to the extinction of most large animals, including mammoths, saber-toothed cats, American horses, and American camels, as well as the collapse of the Clovis culture in North America.
Due to the explosion in the air, there was no evidence of a crater. “But craters are not necessary,” Kennett said. “Many of the impacts received did not have visible craters.” Scientists continue to collect evidence of relatively low-pressure cosmic explosions – the kind that occur when a shock wave originates in the air and travels downward toward the Earth’s surface.
“Shaken quartz is well known and is perhaps the most powerful proxy for cosmic impacts,” he continued. Only forces equivalent to cosmic-level explosions can produce microscopic deformations in quartz sand grains upon impact, and these deformations are commonly found in minerals collected from impact craters.
Evidence of cosmic impacts has also been identified at Abu Hurairah and at the site Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) others, although there are no craters. However, it has been suggested that the type of shock-fractured quartz found at the YDB site is not equivalent to that found at large crater-forming sites, so researchers have attempted to link this deformation to low-pressure cosmic events.
To do this, they turned to man-made explosions as large as cosmic airbursts: nuclear tests were conducted at the Alamogordo Bombing Range in New Mexico in 1945 and in Kazakhstan, in 1949 and 1953. Similar to cosmic airbursts, nuclear explosions occurred in above the ground, sending a shock wave to Earth.
“In the paper, we characterize the morphology of the shock-induced cracks in these low-pressure events,” Kennett said. “And we did this because we wanted to compare it to what we had in the quartz fractured by the shaking in the Boundary Younger Dryasto see if there were any comparisons or similarities between what we saw at the Trinity atomic test site and other atomic bombs.”
Between the shaken quartz at the nuclear test site and the quartz found at Abu Hureyra, scientists found a close link in their characteristics, namely glass-filled shock cracks, which showed temperatures of more than 2,000 degrees Celsius, above the melting point of quartz.
“For the first time, we propose that shock metamorphism in quartz grains subjected to atomic explosions is essentially the same as that in low-altitude, low-pressure cosmic air explosions,” Kennett said.
However, the so-called “low pressure” is still very high – perhaps greater than 3 GPa or about 400,000 pounds per square inch, the equivalent of about five Boeing 737 airplanes stacked on a small coin. The new protocol the researchers developed to identify shock-induced cracks in quartz grains will be useful in identifying previously unknown air blasts that are thought to recur every few centuries to thousands of years.
Overall, the evidence presented by these papers, according to the scientists, “implies the existence of new causal links between extraterrestrial impacts, changes in the hemisphere’s climate and environment, and transformative changes in human society and culture, including development agriculture.”
62
2023-10-10 00:08:16
#Due #Comet #Exploding #Adams #Children #Farm #Fertile #Crescent #Area #Abu #Hurairah #Technology
