A new study by researchers at Emory University in the United States has confirmed that chemotherapy can affect non-cancerous cells around cancer cells, which can trigger the activation of dormant cancer cells and promote cancer growth. This discovery is crucial for understanding cancer recurrence and could point to new directions in its prevention.
The study looked at both cellular and mouse models of breast cancer. The researchers administered the chemotherapy drug docetaxel at physiologically relevant concentrations and found that this treatment affected non-cancerous stromal cells, while cancer cells were unaffected. The treatment induced cell cycle reactivation in dormant cancer cells.
The results showed that two key cell signaling molecules, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), released by injured stromal cells, stimulated the growth of latent cancer cells, both in vitro, as well as in vivo. Blocking these signals with antibodies or drugs inhibited chemotherapy-induced awakening of dormant cancer cells.
These findings have several significant implications. They emphasize the importance of cells in the environment of cancer cells in determining the response to chemotherapy.
It also provides a mechanistic explanation for the observed link between high blood IL-6 levels and early relapse in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Furthermore, these findings may open new directions for preventing cancer recurrence by blocking cytokine signals during chemotherapy.
The researchers’ final conclusion is that this discovery could have a significant impact on the treatment and prevention of breast cancer recurrence.
Source: 360medical.ro
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2023-09-13 21:21:01
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