Je Dong-seong, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeju Korean Hospital
Person A, a woman in her 30s, went to the emergency room after feeling severe abdominal pain while exercising at home after work. The pain was so bad that her lower abdomen hurt and she couldn’t straighten her back, so she thought she might have appendicitis, so she came to the hospital. However, X-ray and CT scans showed that her ovarian cyst had ruptured and blood was flowing into her abdominal cavity. Fortunately, Mr. A’s bleeding stopped naturally, and when she stabilized through hospitalization, the blood that flowed was safely absorbed, and she was able to avoid surgery.
If you suddenly have severe abdominal pain like Mr. A, the first thing that comes to mind is a digestive problem such as enteritis or appendicitis. However, as gynecological diseases have recently become common even among relatively young women, the possibility that it is an emergency situation such as ovarian cyst rupture cannot be ruled out.
Ovarian cysts are one of the tumors that occur in the ovaries. Luteous cysts, which occur in the form of a thin membrane filled with fluid as the follicle continues to grow in size due to the inability of the follicle to ovulate an egg during the ovulatory period, are common. As the size of an ovarian cyst increases, it may be accompanied by symptoms such as menstrual irregularity, urination disorder, defecation disorder, abdominal distension, abdominal discomfort, nausea, nausea, digestive problems, and headache. However, there are often no special symptoms and most of the time it disappears naturally.
Rarely, as an ovarian cyst grows, it can cause the ovary to move from its original position, resulting in torsion, which twists the ligamentous support of the ovary. In this case, severe pain in the pelvis and lower abdomen, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, occurs. When torsion occurs, blood flow to the ovaries is blocked, which can lead to damage or necrosis of ovarian tissue, so you should visit a hospital without delay. Additionally, if an ovarian cyst ruptures due to a sudden external shock, extreme abdominal pain may occur.
To avoid this type of emergency, it is important to undergo regular gynecological examinations. Abnormalities in the ovaries are confirmed through ultrasound, which is harmless to the human body and does not cause pain. If the test results show a cyst larger than 3 cm, periodic follow-up is performed. If the size is larger than 5 cm even after 3 months of observation, or if the size increases, surgery may be required. In addition, surgery is also performed if the test results show that it is a type that will not disappear naturally, if the size increases rapidly during follow-up tests, if there is a high possibility that it is malignant, or if infertility is a concern.
If an ovarian cyst that requires surgery is left untreated for a long time, it can affect the function of the ovary, and if the cyst is too large, the cyst alone cannot be removed and the ovary or fallopian tubes may need to be removed as well. The ovaries are not only responsible for egg maturation and ovulation, but also secrete female hormones, which is very important for fertility and women’s health. Surgery is performed with the highest priority given to preserving the ovaries and maintaining fertility as much as possible, but periodic checkups are important to ensure that the timing of detection and surgery is not missed.
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2023-09-10 08:48:27
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