expression of the sun
It is the hottest brown dwarf ever observed
Dubai – Al Arabiya.net
Posted on: August 19, 2023: 03:16 AM GST Last updated: August 19, 2023: 07:44 AM GST
An international team of astronomers has discovered a planet-like object hotter than the sun, according to a report published in the journal Nature Astronomy.
Scientists found a brown dwarf called WD0032-317B, and this object is located 1,400 light-years away.
The brown dwarf orbits its host star so closely that it reaches an incredibly high temperature of more than 8,000 degrees Kelvin, about 2,000 degrees hotter than the surface temperature of the sun. It is the hottest brown dwarf ever observed to date.
Objects located between planets and stars
Brown dwarfs are classified as objects located between planets and stars, and although they are hotter than planets, they cannot reach the temperatures of stars.
The discovery of WD0032-317B provides valuable insights into the behavior of gas giants, such as Jupiter, that orbit hot, massive stars.
These observations are often difficult because of the brightness and activity of the stars. The harsh environment around these exoplanets can cause their atmospheres to evaporate and break up molecules due to the intense ultraviolet radiation they receive.
opportunity for scholars
WD0032-317B represents an opportunity for scientists to study such harsh environments, as its companion is a white dwarf star, called WD0032-317, which is smaller and dimmer, with a mass of only 40% of the mass of our Sun, but it is much hotter than it, with a temperature of About 37,000 K (for comparison, the surface of the Sun is about 5,778 K).
Brown dwarfs differ from planets and stars. It has enough mass to spark deuterium fusion, a process involving a heavy isotope of hydrogen, but it doesn’t have the same fusion reactions as stars.
Its temperature can reach about 2,500 K, and its mass is 80 times that of Jupiter.
White dwarfs, on the other hand, are remnants of stars and can have temperatures similar to giant blue planets.
In early 2000 observations with the Ultraviolet-Visible Echelle Spectrograph instrument on the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope revealed WD0032-317, and that it was being influenced by an unseen companion.
These are his qualities
Recent observations, published in a research paper in the journal Nature Astronomy, confirmed that this companion is a brown dwarf, not a companion star, with a mass between 75 and 88 Jupiters. The proximity of the brown dwarf to its host star causes it to be tidally locked, which means that the same side of the planet is constantly facing its star.
Maximum daytime temperatures range from 7,250 to 9,800 K (about 7,000 and 9,500 degrees Celsius), which are as hot as A-type stars, sun-like stars that can be twice the mass of the Sun, and hotter than any known giant planet. On the other hand, the temperature of the night side ranges between 1,300 and 3,000 K (about 1,000 and 2,700 degrees Celsius), which leads to an extreme temperature difference of about 6,000 degrees between the hemispheres.
The study of WD0032-317B could provide valuable insights into how hot stars can vaporize the atmospheres of smaller companion objects.
