ROBIN DIENEL/CARNEGIE INSTITUTION FOR SCIENCE
Artist’s concept of a previously discovered supermassive black hole that is part of a quasar that formed just 690 million years after the big bang.
Imagine if we, the Earth, the Solar System, galaxies, black holes, even the universe were in a giant black hole. Overall, Earth and the universe formed, developed, and evolved in this giant forest hole. This is the black hole cosmology or Schwarzschild cosmology.
The black hole known today is a stellar black hole which is the final phase of a star’s life towards its death or a supermassive black hole in the center of a galaxy. If stellar black holes have masses of tens to hundreds of solar masses, supermassive black holes can have masses of millions to billions of times the mass of the sun.
The amount of mass that is owned makes a black hole have a very powerful gravitational pull so that space-time is distorted and light cannot escape its trap. Therefore, if the Earth is in the vicinity of the event horizon or the boundary line is a certain distance from the black hole, then the Earth will not be able to survive the black hole’s pull.
If the return trip is possible, it will open up another “world” that we don’t know about.
When the Earth has passed the event horizon, which means it is getting closer to the black hole, said Gaurav Khanna, a black hole physicist from the University of Rhode Island, United States, as quoted by Livescience, June 17, 2023, space-time will bend so that time slows down.
Material trapped by the black hole’s gravity will stretch out, the length of which is very dependent on the size of the black hole. This material stretching effect is called “spagetification” or “noodle effect” which is usually found in matter trapped in supermassive black holes.
NASA’S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER CONCEPTUAL IMAGE LAB
Each black hole has a different gravitational strength, depending on the amount of matter it has. Supermassive black holes (left), which have masses of up to billions of times the mass of the Sun and are usually in the center of galaxies, have a tremendous gravitational force that can bend space and time, stretch matter, and slow down time.
The strong gravity will immediately tear and tear the Earth and pull it towards the black hole so that it forms an elongated stream of material that moves at high speed like noodles or spaghetti.
Even if the Earth survives the shreds of the black hole, aka the Earth is swallowed whole by the black hole, even inside the black hole the Earth will not survive. Inside the black hole, the Earth will be bound to a super-small and super-dense singularity so that the Earth will be like being burned by super high pressure and temperature from gravitational energy.
Also read: The black hole at the center of the Milky Way destroys the surrounding double star system
So, theoretically supported by some existing black hole observations, Earth would not be near a black hole, let alone inside a black hole. It only takes a few seconds for Earth to crumble as it crosses the black hole’s event horizon.
Kosmologi Schwarzschild
However, there is another theory that could place the Earth, even this vast universe, in an enormous black hole. Earth, was born and evolved inside the black hole. This includes the formation of the universe and its expansion, all of which take place in a giant black hole. This is the theory of black hole cosmology aka Schwarzschild cosmology.
“The process that occurs in a black hole looks very similar to the process in the big bang, although the process is reversed. The mathematical calculations are also similar,” added Khanna. If a black hole collapses from something enormous into a tiny tiny point or singularity, a big bang explodes from that tiny point and continues to expand.
NATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY OF JAPAN (NAOJ)
Artist’s image depicting a collision between two galaxies to form a new galaxy called B14-65666. This galaxy is 13 billion light years from Earth and is located in the direction of the constellation Sextans. The collision occurred when the universe was still young, less than 1 billion years since the Big Bang.
One theory is that the big bang was actually a black hole singularity that exploded inside an enormous black hole, the parent black hole of the present-day universe. “At a certain time, the singularity that becomes a super super dense point finally booms until it gives birth to a universe that forms inside a bigger black hole,” he said.
In this black hole cosmological scenario, a universe could exist inside a much larger parent universe. This model universe is similar to a matryoshka, a typical Russian doll that contains a similar doll that is smaller in size and continues to contain other, smaller dolls up to the size of the smallest doll.
Also, in this universe model, return travel through the black hole is impossible because not even light can travel back out of the black hole and away from the event horizon. This condition makes the cosmological theory of black holes absolutely impossible to prove, at least with current knowledge and technology.
NASA’S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER/JEREMY SCHNITTMAN
Modeling light coming from different parts of the accretion disk or disk surrounding the black hole will be bent as it approaches the black hole. The black hole’s extreme gravity alters the path of incoming light.
“In fact, if the return trip is possible, it will open up another ‘world’ that we do not know about,” said Khanna.
However, if the Earth were inside the supermassive black hole, experts predict that there will be a difference in the size of the universe’s space. The size of a black hole is as big as the size of the object it covers, for example an Earth-sized black hole that surrounds the Earth or a universe-sized black hole that can accommodate the universe.
Professor of mathematics at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA, Scott Field, said that if humans are in a black hole, it is certain that the black hole will be very big. As a result, the Earth will be tucked into a black hole the size of a star or the size of the Solar System.
Also read: Sagittarius A*, Supermassive Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way Galaxy
If conditions occur like that, scientists should be able to detect signs of the black hole’s rotation. In addition, scientists should also be able to observe subtle distortions due to extreme gravity when a person moves through a black hole. These subtle distortions would be observed in the same way as when matter stretches or time slows when it enters a black hole.
“The resulting tidal effects, such as matter spaghettification and time slowing, even collisions between black holes, should be observable for humans traveling from one place to another on Earth if Earth were inside an Earth-sized black hole,” said Field. , who worked extensively in gravity modeling and simulation.
Thus, a black hole called a parent black hole must be enormous and vast, as large and vast as the size of the universe, so that we cannot travel far enough or fast enough to detect these gravitational distortions.
“From within the black hole universe, Earthlings would not know that a parent universe black hole exists,” added Khanna. So finding an ancestor of our current universe would certainly be difficult. However, if the cosmological theory of black holes can be proven to exist, it will certainly help humans understand their existence in the universe.
2023-07-16 05:03:57
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