Researchers from London and Benin assessed the relative effectiveness of pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid and chlorfenapyr and pyrethroid impregnated long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) compared to standard LLINs against the transmission of malaria in an area with high levels of drug resistance. pyrethroids.
This cluster randomized superiority study was conducted in Zou Department, Benin. The clusters were villages or groups of villages with at least 100 homes; a total of 60 clusters were assigned 1:1:1 to 1 of 3 LLIN groups receiving NETs impregnated with pyriproxyfen and alpha-cypermethrin (pyrethroid), chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin or alpha-cypermethrin alone (reference). Participating households received 1 LLIN per 2 people. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of malaria in children aged 6 months to 10 years, measured over 2 years after distribution of the nets.
Between May 23 and June 24, 2019, 53,854 households and 216,289 residents were registered and included in the study. Subsequently, between March 19 and 22, 2020, 115,323 LLINs were distributed to 54,030 households following an updated census. A cross-sectional study showed that LLIN use was highest at 9 months after distribution (5532 (76.8%) of 7206 participants), but decreased at 24 months (4032 (60.6%) of 6654). The mean incidence of malaria over a 2-year period after LLIN distribution was 1.03 cases per child year (95% CI 0.96-1.09) in the LLIN reference group (pyrethroid only); 0.84 cases per child year (0.78-0.90) in the pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid group (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.65-1.14; p = 0.28) and 0.56 cases per child year (0.51-0.61) in the chlorfenapyr pyrethroid group (HR 0.54; 95% CI 0.42-0.70; p < 0.0001).
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2023-07-07 08:15:08
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