REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA — The Ministry of Health (Kemenkes) has designated Bali as a rabies red zone. If a dog is infected with the rabies virus, then how does the virus spread to humans?
Launching from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) page, confirmed that the virus rabies transmitted by direct contact (such as through broken skin or mucous membranes in the eyes, nose or mouth) with the saliva or brain tissue/nervous system of an infected animal.
Usually, people will be exposed virus rabies from the bite of an infected animal. There is also the rare possibility that a person may be exposed to rabies from a non-bite, such as from a scratch, abrasion, or other open wound that has come into contact with saliva or other infectious material from an infected animal.
“Other types of contact, such as petting or contact with the blood, urine, or faeces of a rabies-infected animal, are not associated with a risk of infection and are not considered exposures that concern rabies,” the CDC said on its website, Monday (26/6/2023). .
Another way of transmission (besides bites and scratches) which is also rare, is inhaling aerosolized rabies virus. This is one of the most potential non-bite exposure routes, except for most laboratory workers who will not encounter rabies virus aerosols.
Transmission of rabies through corneal and solid organ transplants has also been recorded, but is also extremely rare. There have only been two known rabies solid organ donors in the United States since 2008. Yet many organ procurement organizations have added rabies exposure questions to their procedures in evaluating the suitability of each donor.
Bite and non-bite exposure from people infected with rabies that theoretically can transmit rabies, there is still no evidence. Casual contact, such as touching a person with rabies or contact with fluids or tissues (urine, blood, faeces), is not associated with a risk of infection.
The rabies virus becomes non-infectious when it dries out and is exposed to sunlight. However, different environmental conditions also affect the speed at which the virus becomes inactive.
“But in general, if the material containing the rabies virus has dried, that means the virus can be considered non-infectious,” the CDC wrote.
2023-06-26 16:24:08
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