Astronauts in outer space have a unique way of writing – they use special pens instead of pencils. The reason behind this choice is related to the floating objects in the microgravity environment. Pencil residue and the potential hazards it can create on board are the main factors that led to the decision to use pens.
According to Science Alert, NASA initially spent millions of dollars developing pens that would work in space. However, the cosmonauts from Russia decided to take a different approach and used a granite pencil for their space missions. Initially, both astronauts and cosmonauts used pencils in space, but NASA eventually abandoned the project due to increased costs.
The Fisher Space Pen, developed independently by Fisher Pens, became the preferred writing instrument for astronauts and cosmonauts. Released in the late 1960s, these pens were specifically designed to work in a variety of conditions, including microgravity. They use pressurized ink cartridges and can withstand highly variable temperatures, work upside down, and even on oily surfaces.
The decision to use pens instead of pencils in space is primarily driven by the potential hazards associated with pencils. The pencil tip can break when used, and the remnants of a pencil sharpener can also float in outer space, posing a risk to delicate engines and equipment. Any tiny particle that can get stuck in the engines is a significant concern.
While pens were also initially problematic, the Fisher Space Pen solved these issues. The first commercially successful ballpoint pen introduced in 1945 was known for leaking. However, after Fisher Pen Company founder Paul C Fisher, along with Friedrich Schächter and Erwin Rath, perfected the space pen, astronauts started using them.
NASA rigorously tested the Fisher Space Pen and decided to purchase it for future Apollo missions. The pen made its debut on Apollo 7 in 1968 and has been in use ever since. Today, astronauts and cosmonauts on the International Space Station have even more options, including pens of various colors and mechanical pencils.
Mechanical pencils are usually used by the crew to write burn times, engine configurations, and other important information. The ability to erase something is crucial in space, especially when situations change frequently, as explained by NASA astronaut Clayton Anderson.
In conclusion, the use of special pens instead of pencils in space is driven by the potential hazards and floating objects in the microgravity environment. The Fisher Space Pen, developed specifically for space missions, has become the go-to writing instrument for astronauts and cosmonauts.
2) How does the Fisher Space Pen address the safety concerns associated with using pencils in microgravity environments
Rument for astronauts. This pen uses a pressurized ink cartridge that allows it to write in almost any condition, including zero gravity. The pen is able to write upside down, underwater, and in extreme temperatures ranging from -50 to +400 degrees Fahrenheit.
The decision to switch from pencils to pens was primarily driven by safety concerns. In microgravity, pencil residue can become a floating hazard that could damage equipment or even harm astronauts. Pencil lead can break off and float around, potentially clogging air vents, electrical systems, or even an astronaut’s eyes or respiratory system. Additionally, pencil shavings can create a mess that is difficult to clean up in the confined space of a spacecraft.
In the early days of space travel, both NASA and the Russian space agency faced this issue and attempted to find a solution. NASA invested heavily in developing a pen that could work in the microgravity environment. The Fisher Space Pen emerged as a reliable solution, able to withstand the challenges of space travel.
On the other hand, Russia’s cosmonauts chose a more cost-effective approach. They opted to use a simple graphite pencil made of granite, which they found to be highly reliable in space. The graphite core of the pencil eliminates any worries of floating debris or residue.
Ultimately, NASA decided to follow suit and adopted the Fisher Space Pen for its astronauts. It has since become a staple tool for astronauts on space missions, providing a reliable and safe means of writing in the unique conditions of space.
The decision to use pens instead of pencils in space highlights the importance of safety and functionality in the development of equipment for astronauts. These specialized pens ensure that astronauts can perform their tasks without any added concerns or potential hazards.
Fascinating read! Had no idea that pencils could pose risks in space. The technology and innovation behind special pens for microgravity environments are simply mind-blowing.