7 Signs of Infertility in Women

Title: Understanding Infertility: Signs and Symptoms to Watch Out For

Date: Friday, 23 Jun 2023

Jakarta – Have you ever heard of the term “dry uterus” which refers to the difficulty of getting pregnant? While this term is commonly used by laypeople to describe a woman’s infertility, it does not exist in the medical world. Infertility is a common problem, with 1 in 5 women unable to conceive after a year of trying through unprotected sex, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Infertility often has no symptoms, but there are signs that may indicate trouble getting pregnant. It is important to note that 85 to 90 percent of infertile couples can conceive with conventional treatment, as stated by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a doctor for help before starting a pregnancy program if you suspect infertility.

Here are some characteristics or symptoms of infertility in women that need to be known:

1. No menstruation: If a woman does not get her period after three months of stopping birth control, it may indicate a lack of ovulation. This can be addressed with medication or assisted reproductive techniques such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF).

2. Heavy, long, or painful menstruation: Heavy periods can be a sign of an underlying condition affecting fertility, such as endometriosis. Other symptoms of endometriosis include chronic pelvic pain, pain during sex, back pain, fatigue, nausea, irregular periods, and bowel problems.

3. Dark or pale menstrual blood: Regularly passing pale menstrual blood may be a cause for concern. Dark, old blood at the start of the period can also indicate endometriosis.

4. Irregular menstrual cycles: Irregular cycles, including missed periods, can lead to infertility as it may indicate irregular ovulation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity, being underweight, and thyroid problems can cause irregular ovulation.

5. Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels can cause various symptoms such as unexplained weight gain, severe acne, cold hands and feet, reduced sex drive, nipple discharge, facial hair in women, and thinning hair on the top of the head.

6. Pelvic pain: Severe menstrual cramps, pain throughout the cycle, or discomfort after sex may indicate endometriosis. Pelvic infections can also cause pelvic pain and put a woman at risk of tubal blockage.

7. Not getting pregnant: The main sign of infertility is not getting pregnant after a certain amount of

How do physical abnormalities and underlying medical conditions contribute to infertility in both men and women, and when should individuals consult a doctor

Likely experience subfertility, meaning they may still be able to conceive but it may take longer or require medical intervention. However, recognizing the signs and seeking medical advice early on can help couples start their journey towards parenthood on the right track.

One of the most obvious signs of infertility is the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected sex. This is known as primary infertility. For couples who have had a previous pregnancy but are struggling to conceive again, it is termed secondary infertility. Regardless of the type, seeking medical advice after a year of unsuccessful attempts is recommended.

Another sign to watch out for is irregular or absent menstrual periods. A regular menstrual cycle is typically between 24 to 38 days long. If your periods are consistently longer or shorter, or if you skip periods altogether, it may indicate an underlying fertility issue. Hormonal imbalances or problems with ovulation could be the culprits, and medical evaluation is essential.

Painful periods, known as dysmenorrhea, can also be a sign of infertility. If you experience severe pelvic pain, cramps that disrupt your daily life, or pain during intercourse, it could be indicative of conditions like endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). These conditions can affect fertility and seeking medical attention is crucial.

Another symptom to be aware of is abnormal discharge or bleeding. Experiencing unusual vaginal discharge, such as a strong odor, changes in color or consistency, or excessive amounts, may indicate an infection or hormonal imbalance that could impact fertility. Similarly, any abnormal bleeding outside of your menstrual cycle should be investigated by a healthcare professional.

In some cases, physical abnormalities or underlying medical conditions can also contribute to infertility. For example, men with swollen testicles, varicoceles, or abnormal hormone levels may have reduced fertility. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), fibroids, or blocked fallopian tubes may face difficulties conceiving. If you or your partner have any unusual physical symptoms, it’s crucial to consult a doctor.

It’s important to remember that infertility is a shared issue, with both partners playing a role. Men may experience signs of infertility as well, such as changes in sexual desire, difficulties with ejaculation, or abnormal semen analysis results. Seeking medical evaluation as a couple can help identify and address any underlying fertility problems.

While these signs and symptoms may indicate infertility, it’s important not to jump to conclusions. Many factors can contribute to difficulties conceiving, and a proper medical evaluation is necessary to diagnose the root cause. If you suspect infertility or have been trying to conceive without success, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional who specializes in fertility to receive accurate diagnosis and guidance. Remember, early detection and intervention can improve the chances of achieving a successful pregnancy.